Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Stratigraphy and palaeoenvironment of Stajna Cave (southern Poland) with regard to habitation of the site by Neanderthals

Żarski M., Winter H., Nadachowski A., Urbanowski M., Socha P., Kenig K., Marcinkowski B., Krzemińska E., Stefaniak K., Nowaczewska W., Marciszak A.

Geological Quarterly

|

2017

|

Vol. 61, No. 2

350--369

EN

The Stajnia Cave is one of the most important archaeological sites due to the finds of the first remains of Neanderthals in Poland, and several tens of thousands of flint artefacts from the Middle Palaeolithic. Based on geological, geochemical, palaeobotanical, palaeozoological, archaeological and isotope analyses, coupled with absolute age determinations (OSL, U-Th and C14), 15 lithostratigraphic layers were distinguished and palaeoenvironmental conditions during the sedimentation of these beds were determined. The cave loams accumulated through weathering, aeolian and fluvial processes. Their age may be correlated with an interval from the Early Glacial to the Late Pleniglacial of the Visulian (Weichselian) Glaciation. Archaeological relics related to the Neanderthals have been discovered in layer D with an absolute age of about 52,000–45,000 years BP and correlated with MIS 3 – the Middle Plenivistulian (Interplenivistulian). Climate oscillations in the Vistulian are reflected by the type of the sediments and their physical-chemical features, allowing determining warmer interstadial and colder stadial periods. Generally, the climate was cold, characteristic of tundra areas with a typical vegetation and fauna, and with the mean temperature of the warmest month not exceeding 12°C. Based on multi-proxy studies it can be concluded that from layer E1 upwards, the climate conditions became progressively drier. At that time, the climate was cold with continental features enhancing tundra domination. This conclusion is confirmed by palaeontological investigations and the record of stable oxygen isotopes in the teeth of reindeer. The studies have also indicated seasonal migration of reindeer on the tundra that surrounded the cave. Probably, short-term slight climate warmings occurred during the Middle Plenivistulian (Interplenivistulian).

2

Znalezisko kości ssaków plejstoceńskich w Garwolinie (Nizina Mazowiecka)

Żarski M., Jakubowski G., Ploch I.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2014

|

Vol. 62, nr 10/1

525--531

EN

Remains of woolly mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, bison, reindeer and horse bones were found in 2006 y in gravel pit in Wilga Valley near Garwolin. The most numerous represent the mammoth bones: fragments of skull, teeth, and pelvis with biting trace by predators. The bones were found in the fluvial sands and gravels at the depth of 5–6 m below the ground surface. Geological studies have identified the origin and age of the deposits for the period of Vistulian. The age of mammoth bones in two analysis used 14C method is between 38 and 46 ka and is correlated with the Grudziadz Interstadial. Below the Vistululian sands and gravels are located tills of the Wartanian Glaciation, and above Holocene peat.

3

Chronostratigraphy of alluvia and age of fluvial landforms in the Carpathian Foreland during the Vistulian

Gębica P.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2013

|

Vol. 30, Nr 1

19--27

EN

A development of opinions on stratigraphy of alluvia and age of the Vistulian terraces in the valleys of the Carpathian foreland is presented, based mainly on publications of Professor Leszek Starkel. Studies of age of fluvial landforms and sediments of the Last Cold Stage in the Carpathian foreland have been started more than 100 years ago. Before them modern sedimentological methods and radiocarbon dating were introduced, pioneer studies of Pleistocene river terraces and sediments in the Carpathians were performed by Mieczysław Klimaszewski, and subsequently, by his student Leszek Starkel who mapped in 1950s a margin of the Carpathian Foothills as well as alluvial fans of Wisłoka, Wisłok and San rivers in the Carpathian foreland. In that time a stratigraphy of alluvial infillings in the marginal mountain zone was elaborated for the Late Vistulian and the Holocene. Starting from 1970s and basing on studies in key sites in the Wisłoka valley near Dębica, focused on palynological analyses and radiocarbon dating, general strati-graphical schemes of alluvial fills within the Vistulian terrace 15 m high and within the Holocene terrace 8-10 m high have been constructed. A comparison with the valleys in a periglacial area prowed that the Vistulian terrace 15 m high was incised before the maximum extension of the last Scandinavian ice sheet (i.e. before 20 ka BP) and the terrace 11-12 m high (with relics of braided river channels) was formed at the decline of the Plenivistulian. A final incision below the present river bed and aggradation occurred during the Late Vistulian (13-10 ka BP). The rivers changed their regime and their channel pattern from braided to large meanders-type as an effect of forest development and lower sediment load. The Younger Dryas cooling resulted in increased bedload and braiding.

4

Heavy-mineral assemblages from fluvial Pleniglacial deposits of the Piotrków Plateau and the Holy Cross Mountains - a comparative study

Wachecka-Kotkowska Lucyna, Ludwikowska-Kędzia Małgorzata

Geologos

|

2013

|

Vol. 19, No. 1-2

131--146

EN

The heavy-mineral assemblages of Pleniglacial fluvial sediments were analysed for two river valleys, viz. the Luciąża River (at Kłudzice Nowe) and the Belnianka River (at Słopiec). These sites, on the Piotrków Plateau and in the Holy Cross Mountains respectively, are located in different morphogenetic zones of Poland that were affected to different degrees by the Middle Polish ice sheets. The study was aimed at determining the kind of processes that modified the heavy-mineral assemblages in the two fluvial sediments, at reconstructing the conditions under which these processes took place, and in how far these processes caused changes in the assemblages. The heavy-mineral associations of the parent material was taken as a starting point; this parent material were the sediments left by the Odranian glaciation (Warta stadial = Late Saalian). It was found that heavy-mineral assemblages in the Luciąża valley deposits are varied, particularly if compared with other fluvioglacial Quaternary deposits from the Polish lowlands, with a dominance of garnet. In the fluvial deposits of the Belnianka valley, zircon, staurolite and tourmaline dominate, with minor amounts of amphibole, pyroxene, biotite and garnet. This suggests that the deposits were subject to intensive and/or persistent chemical weathering and underwent several sedimentation/erosion cycles under periglacial conditions. In both valleys chemical weathering and aeolian processes were the main factors that modified the assemblages of the transparent heavy minerals; these processes were largely controlled by the climatic changes during the Pleistocene.

5

The results of thermoluminescence dating in the Halych IIC (Ukraine) profile as the expression of the conditions of mineral material deposition

Łanczont M., Bogucki A. B., Kusiak J., Sytnyk O.

Geochronometria

|

2013

|

Vol. 40, no. 1

42-50

EN

Many studies conducted in the last few years in Poland indicate that the results of thermo-luminescence dating of loess are reliable and correspond well to their geological ages. They can form the basis for determination of the chronology of changes of palaeoenvironmental conditions. In this paper we report dating results from the Halych IIC profile (Halych Prydnistrov'ja region, Ukraine). Thermoluminescence dating of this profile gives new information about the influence of local condi-tions on the results of TL analysis. As much as 75% of the obtained results are distinctly overestimat-ed, even by several hundred per cent, that is untypical of regional loess profiles. However, in the Halych Prydnistrov'ja region it is the second loess site in which such incompatibility of the expected age and thermoluminescence age is found. This fact indicates how this region is unique among the lo-ess areas of SE Poland and NW Ukraine in respect of the conditions of mineral material transport and deposition. Further investigations are necessary to identify the reasons for regular overestimating of the TL results obtained for loess deposits of the Halych Prydnistrov'ja region.

6

New exposure of loess deposits in Boyanychi (Ukraine) - results of thermoluminescence analyses

Kusiak J., Łanczont M., Bogucki A. B.

Geochronometria

|

2012

|

Vol. 39, no. 1

84-100

EN

The loess site at Boynychi (the Volyn Upland) is of essential importance for the stratigra-phy of Middle and Upper Pleistocene in Central Europe. The profile was recently dated by Fedorowicz and Prylypko in 2007 (parallel dating), and by Kusiak in 2009. The Upper Vistulian loesses are much thicker in the exposure from 2009 than in the earlier examined one (2007). The list of results obtained in the Gdańsk, Kiev and Lublin laboratories, respectively, can be divided in two. The first group contains the results obtained for the Horohiv and Korshiv pedocomplexes and for the loess from the penultimate glacial, which separates these pedocomplexes. The results from all laboratories are very similar and rather well describe the real age of dated deposits. The second group contains the widely differing results of dating of the Vistulian loesses. The TL ages obtained by Fedorowicz and Prylypko are considerably older than those obtained by Kusiak in the new exposure. The latter ones excellently correspond to the geologic-stratigraphic interpretation of the profile. Two incompatible se-ries of TL dating results indicate that local variability of loess accumulation conditions in different stages of their formation may have resulted in incomplete luminescence zeroing of mineral material before deposition.

7

Zespoły mięczaków w vistuliańskich lessach we wsi Chobrzany koło Sandomierza (południowa Polska)

Alexandrowicz W. P.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

|

2011

|

T. 37, z. 3

357-373

PL

Analizie malakologicznej poddano materiał muszlowy pochodzący z profilu lessów w Chobrzanach koło Sandomierza. Omawiany profil tworzy pionową ścianę o wysokości dochodzącej do 6.5 m. Górną część sekwencji tworzą typowe żółte lessy z pionowymi spękaniami przykryte przez współczesną glebę. W części dolnej pojawia się laminacja i konkrecje węglanowe. W omawianych osadach rozpoznano sześć gatunków ślimaków. Wszystkie one należą do grupy tzw. gatunków lessowych. Zmiany w składzie i strukturze fauny pozwoliły na wyróżnienie kilku zespołów odpowiadających cechom środowiska sedymentacyjnego, umożliwiających rekonstrukcje paleoklimatyczne i stratygraficzne. Wyniki analiz wskazują, że omawiane osady można zaliczyć do najmłodszej serii lessowej (lessów młodszych górnych) związanych z pleniglacjałem zlodowacenia Wisły.

EN

Malacological analysis was conducted on shell material from loess profile in Chobrzany village located near Sandomierz. This particular profile represents a vertical wall, up to 6.5 m high. Its upper part is composed of typical, yellow loess with vertical cracks covered by recent soil. In the lower interval the occurrence of poorly visible lamination and carbonate concretions is observed. Six species of snails were identified. These belong to the so-called "loess species". Several types of molluscan communities can be distinguished on the basis of faunistic changes. These molluscs' assemblages correspond with the palaeoenvironment and they allow for palaeoclimatic and stratigraphical reconstructions. The results of malacological analysis indicate that the loesses in Chobrzany could belong to the youngest loess sequence (Upper Younger Loess), which were deposited during Pleniglacial Phase of Vistulian.

8

Geology of the lower Vistula region, northern Poland

Gałązka D., Marks L.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

|

2009

|

Vol. 25

13-20

EN

Depression in the Quaternary bedrock in the Lower Vistula Region was a main route for the Scandinavian ice sheets advancing into the Polish Lowland. At the end of the Elsterian Glaciation the receding ice sheet dammed the meltwaters in the Lower Vistula Valley and in its vicinity. The Holstein sea presumably occupied the Gulf of Gdańsk as indicated by brackish deposits of this age in the Kaliningrad District. During the Eemian Interglacial an extensive sea bay existed in the Lower Vistula Region. The Lower Vistula Region is a stratotype area for the Vistulian Glaciation (Weichselian), with several ice sheet advances, also before the Last Glacial Maximum.

9

Stable isotope composition of carbonates in loess at the carpathian margin (SE Poland)

Łącka B., Łanczont M., Komar M., Madeyska T.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2008

|

Vol. 25

3-21

EN

Samples for the study were collected from, known from the literature, outcrop profiles in Zarzecze, Radymno, Dybawka, Tarnawce and Pikulice-Nehrybka, situated at the Carpathian border, in the vicinity of the Przemyśl town, close to the San River valley (SE Poland). They represent the Vistulian loess-palaeosol sequences. Carbonates occur mainly in the loesses representing OIS 2 and 3. Pollen analysis, carried out for two profiles (Tarnawce, Radymno), throws light on palaeoecological conditions of loess cover formation and transformation.Isotopic analysis of authigenic carbonates was carried out on carbonate cemented bodies dispersed throughout the loess in forms of nodule, rhizolith and rhizocretion and on bioclasts, mainly snail shells, ostracod valves, and sparse globules (probably the internal shells of the naked snails).In the successions studied, the upper Vistulian loess deposited in environment with poor vegetation, contains rhizo- liths and rhizocretions mainly, while in the middle and lower Vistulian loess with well developed soils, gley horizons, and intercalations of subaqueous sediments, remains of snail shells and ostracod valves prevail. The two main forms of carbonates differ markedly in isotopic composition from one another. These differences seem to be more important than those between samples of one form of carbonates along particular sections. That is the result of numerous factors affecting the fractionation of carbon and, in particular, oxygen stable isotopes in the environment of precipitation of authigenic calcite. The isotopic composition of carbonates cementing sediments is controlled mainly by biominerali- zation of organic matter and local climatic parameters which were rather slightly differentiated during the formation of the studied sediments. The d13C values for bioclasts vary in a broader range than for calcitic cements. Usually the snail shell carbonate is more enriched with heavier carbon isotope than that from ostracod valves, resulting from the isotopic equilibrium with precipitation and with surface waters, respectively. Basing on our study we can conclude that fluctuations of isotope composition of authigenic carbonates make it hard to apply as a paleoclimatic indicator. However, the general trend of d18O variation in analysed carbonate fractions from leoss-palaeosol sequences displays some connections with climatic fluctuations.

10

O możliwościach rekonstrukcji paleotemperatur vistulianu na podstawie kopalnych zespołów ptaków

Lorenc Michał

Geologos

|

2008

|

Vol. 14, No. 1

91--106

PL

Pochodzące z vistulianu szczątki ptaków znane są w Polsce niemal wyłącznie z osadów jaskiń i schronisk skalnych, w sumie z 18 stanowisk. Relatywnie liczne są wyłącznie szczątki pochodzące ze środkowego i późnego vistulianu. W artykule podsumowano zamieszczone w literaturze dane dotyczące występowania i zróżnicowania gatunkowego kości ptaków w vistuliańskich osadach powyższych 18 stanowisk. Zespoły ptaków z vistuliańskich osadów poszczególnych jaskiń i schronisk skalnych stanowiły często podstawę rekonstrukcji paleośrodowiska, rzadziej paleoklimatu. W artykule podsumowano średnie temperatury lipca, które na podstawie tych zespołów oszacowano do tej pory dla niektórych faz klimatycznych vistulianu. Większość temperatur określono używając metody obliczania wskaźników termicznych, według Demarcq & Mourer-Chauvire (1976) i przeliczania wartości tych wskaźników na °C, według Lorenca (2007). Metody te zostały ogólnie scharakteryzowane. Prezentowane temperatury odnoszą się do następujących faz klimatycznych vistulianu: późny vistulian (bölling, starszy dryas, alleröd, młodszy dryas), późny plenivistulian, środkowy plenivistulian (denekamp, hengelo), wczesny plenivistulian (schalkholz) i wczesny vistulian (odderade). Wskazano mocne i słabe strony rekonstrukcji paleotemperatur na podstawie powyższych zespołów ptaków.

EN

Vistulian bird-bone remains are known in Poland almost exclusively from sediments of 18 caves and rockshelters in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, the Podhale Depression and the Holy Cross Mountains. Only remains from the Middle and Late Vistulian are relatively abundant. The present contribution summarizes literature data on the occurrence and species diversity of bird-bone remains from the 18 sites mentioned above. The bird-bone assemblages from the caves and rock-shelters were often used to reconstruct the then palaeoenvironment, more rarely the palaeoclimate. Analysis of the bird-bone assemblages indicates average July temperatures for some Vistulian intervals, viz. the Late Vistulian (Bölling, Older Dryas, Alleröd, Younger Dryas), Late Plenivistulian, Middle Plenivistulian (Denekamp, Hengelo), Early Plenivistulian (Schalkholz) and Early Vistulian (Odderade). Most of the temperatures were assessed through thermal indices (Demarcq & Mourer-Chauvire 1976), but they were estimated by Lorenc’s (2007) method as well. Both methods are explained in the present contribution. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of palaeotemperature reconstruction on the basis of bird-bone assemblages are specified.

11

Molluscs in Eemian-Vistulian deposits of the Kolodiiv section, Ukraine (East Carpathian Foreland) and their palaeoecological interpretation

Alexandrowicz W.P., Dmytruk R.

Geological Quarterly

|

2007

|

Vol. 51, No 2

173-178

EN

A profile of loess several metres thick with palaeosoils, underlain by calcareous gyttja, out crops in Kolodiiv, Ukraine. Rich and diverse assemblages of molluscs have been found in these deposits. Three types of mollusc communities can be distinguished. The oldest is dominated by freshwater taxa and corresponds to calcareous gyttja of Eemian age. The next two assemblages contain only snails typical of loess. The first of these indicates a cold and dry climate and open environment of arctic steppe type, with rapid accumulation of loess; the second assemblage represents a cold and humid climate and a relatively moist, open environment of tundra type.

12

TL ages of loesses from the last two glacials in SE Poland

Kusiak J., Łanczont M., Wilgat M.

Geochronometria

|

2007

|

Vol. 27

33-40

EN

Loesses cover a large area in SE Poland so their exploration is an important part of the palaeogeographical studies on Pleistocene. The research involves stratigraphic problems. At present, luminescence dating provides the greatest number of chronostratigraphic data concerning loesses. In this work we report TL ages of loesses from the last two glacial cycles in SE Poland, obtained in the TL Laboratory of the Department of Physical Geography and Palaeogeography, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin after 1993. Samples for TL dating were collected in 11 loess profiles (2-9 samples in each site) in order to obtain additional information for stratigraphic interpretations deduced from paleopedological, lithological, structural, and other data. Basing on the comparison of 54 TL ages, we can determine age intervals, in which the dating results of similar values assemble, and then get general information about the periods of intensified Aeolian accumulation related to defined stratigraphic units. The TL ages of all samples were obtained using the total-bleach method (TB) for the determination of the equivalent dose.

13

Fennoscandian erratics in glacial deposits of the Polish lowland - methodic aspects

Górska M.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2006

|

Vol. 23

11-15

EN

There are erratic boulders drifted with the last continental ice sheet in the glacial deposits of the Polish Lowland. Their outcrops are situated in the Baltic Shield area as well as to the south of it, in the central and southern Baltic Sea bottom. Indicator erratics, statistical erratics and the others are distinguished in coarse-gravels association. The research into the identification of the indicator erratics are designed for the specification of the Scandinavian and Baltic alimentation centres of different age glacial tills and their fluvioglacial counterparts; they are also aimed at determining the direction of the distant transport as well as the ice-sheet and its streams transgression route to the deposition places. Effectiveness of the analysis depends to a large extent on the erratic correct classification and this ability happens in turn to be burdened with a subjective evaluation of the clearly visible features of an erratic. In the text attention will be paid to the advantages and disadvantages of the analysis on the indicator boulders of the glacial deposits.

14

Development and infill of Vistulian glacial Lake Gniew (N Poland) : a sedimentological analysis

Błaszkiewicz M., Gruszka B.

Geological Quarterly

|

2005

|

Vol. 49, No. 4

449--462

EN

A substantial glaciolacustrine unit in northern Poland, between the valleys of the Vistula and Wierzyca rivers, was deposited in glacial Lake Gniew during the climatic amelioration of the Late Vistulian. It covers an area of 35 km2 and has an average thickness of 7m, but locally reaches over 20 m. Four sedimentary facies are distinguished. The silty/clayey rhythmites of facies A are interpreted as varves from the central lake bottom. They represent the initial stage of lake development. Facies B is formed by a single sand layer that is interpreted as a turbidite originating during lake shallowing due to self-drainage. Facies C consists of massive clay with dropstones and dump structures. Two hypothesis regarding its genesis are put forward: the first assumes sedimentation in a shallow basin with a high input of homogenous fine-grained suspended sediment, whereas the second explains the facies as a result of amuddy jökulhlaup, pouring into Lake Gniew and being sourced from another glacial lake; further research is required to interpret this facies reliably. Facies D consists of thick silty/clayey rhythmites that are interpreted as prodeltaic deposits.

15

Najpełniejszy w Polsce kompleks młodoplejstoceński (eem i vistulian) na dolnym Powiślu i Wzniesieniu Elbląskim

Makowska A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2004

|

Vol. 52, nr 9

887--894

EN

The Upper Pleistocene sedimentary complex of the Lower Vistula Region (Lower Powiśle) and the Elbląg Elevation was deposited from the beginning of the Eemian Interglacial to the late Vistulian. The sediments fill an elongated depression formed due to pre-Quarternary processes. The maximum thickness of strata reaches 200 m. They consist of six basic units including three major levels of tills: Toruń (BII), Świecie (BIII) and Leszno-Poznań (BIV) and three levels with intramoraine deposits: the lowest - Lower Powiśle (DP), middle one - Gniew (Gn) and the upper- Grudziądz (Gr). The Lower Powioele Formation consists of marine and terrestrial deposits. In the south, these are tripartite (EI, EII, EIII) valley sediments filling a well-developed network of ancient river valleys. In the north, besides the fluvial sediments, there are also two marine strata: Sztum (Sz) and Tychnowy (Ty). The middle river valley series and the Tychnovy marine layer were formed during the Eeemian. They are the main stratigraphic index zone in the area. The overlying strata were formed during the Vistulian. The latter has been subdivided into two glaciations (Toruń and Vistula) separated with Krastudy Interglacial, because of analysis of major lithostratigraphic zones and multiple layers of marine sediments within the middle intramoraine formation (Gniew Fm.). The exact dating of the strata is still debatable and prone to verification.

16

Eemian and early vistulian vegetation at Michałowo (NE Poland)

Kupryjanowicz M., Drzymulska D.

Studia Quaternaria

|

2002

|

Vol. 19

19-26

EN

This paper presents the results of palaeobotanical studies (pollen and plant macrofossil analyses) of the sediments from the profile Michałowo P-3 (Gródek-Michałowo Depression, NE Poland). At this profile the second bed of peat under Holocene peat and the layer of silts and sands was discovered. The pollen succession indicates that it were deposited, with some gaps, from the beginning of Eemian Interglacial to Early Vistulian. The local pollen zones, distinguished in the Pollen diagram, correlate with the regional pollen stratigraphy of the Eemian Interglacial, but the pollen record of hornbeam (E5 R PAZ) and spruce (E6 R PAZ) regional zones is absent in Michałowo. In the middle part of the Michałowo pine zone (Mi-5 Pinus L PAZ), a cool oscillation of climate is marked by an opening of forests and development of herb plant communities.

17

Zastoisko zbąszyńsko-nowosolskie

Kraiński A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2002

|

Vol. 50, nr 8

698-700

PL

Osady zastoiskowe charakteryzują się zarówno specyficzną budową geologiczną, jak i na ogół szerokim rozprzestrzenieniem. Horyzontalne położenie powierzchni stropowej pozwala na ich wykorzystywanie jako poziomów korelacyjnych. Opisywane zastoisko zbąszyńskie obejmowało swoim zasięgiem duży obszar rozpościerający się między dwiema pradolinami (warszawsko-berlińską i głogowsko- barudzką) w rejonie przełomu Odry, na północ od Nowej Soli i dalej na północ aż po Międzyrzecz. Osady zastoiskowe są reprezentowane przez iły i mułki. W ich spągu lokalnie występują osady organiczne datowane na interglacjał eemski. Stąd wiek zastoiska trzeba wiązać ze schyłkiem interglacjału i glacjałem północnopolskim, aż po maksymalne nasunięcie zlodowacenia wisły (GIVmax).

EN

Ice-marginal deposits are characterised both by their specific geological structure and large extent. They can be used as correlation levels because of the horizontal layout of the top surface. The describet Zbąszyń-Nowa Sól ice-marginal lake is situated between two ice-marginal valleys (Warsaw-Berlin Ice Marginal and Głogów-Baruth Ice Marginal Valleys), near the bight of the river Odra to the north from Nowa Sól and father north up to Międzyrzecz. Ice-marginal deposits are represented by clays and silts. Some organie deposits dated from the Eemian Interglacial can be locally found in the base of the deposit. Hence, the age of the ice-marginal should be linked with the end of the North Polish Glacion up to maximum ice-sheet expension invasion of the Vistulian Glacion (GIVmax).

18

Eemian Interglacial deposits at Haćki near Bielsk Podlaski : implications for the limit of the last glaciation in northeastern Poland

Brud S., Kupryjanowicz M.

Geological Quarterly

|

2002

|

Vol. 46, No 1

75-80

EN

Pollen analysis was conducted on organic deposits on a kame ridge at Haćki in northeastern Poland. The deposits are referred to the Eemian Interglacial. Slope sediments only covered these biogenic deposits. The glacigenic landforms therefore relate to the Wartanian Glaciation, and so this area has not been occupied by an ice sheet of the Vistulian Glaciation.

19

Cave fillings - a chronicle of the past. An outline of the Younger Pleistocene cave sediments study in Poland

Madeyska T., Cyrek K.

Acta Geologica Polonica

|

2002

|

Vol. 52, nr 1

75-95

EN

The scientific exploration of Polish cave sediments started 130 years ago. Important Palaeolithic sites were discovered and investigated from that time by archaeologists and zoologists. During the second half of the 20th century geological analysis was introduced to the cave filling study. More than 50 caves and rock shelters, differentiated according to their shape and dimensions, have been explored to date, every one which contained subfossil animal remains. In about 30 sites, culture layers, scattered artefacts or other traces of the activity of Palaeolithic people were found. The sedimentary successions, 2-8 metres thick, consist mainly of clastic components that reflect the past climatic changes. The subfossil fauna includes animals living in tundra, steppe, forest and aquatic environments. The proportion of particular groups vary with the position in the succession. The lithological composition of the sediments and the faunal composition were used for reconstruction of past climatic changes and for the stratigraphical interpretation. Remnants of the oldest Palaeolithic culture in this region - the Acheulian type with Levalloisian technique - were found in deposits dated to the Warthanian and to the penultimate interglacial or even to the Odranian. During the Eemian, this culture coexisted with the Taubachian. For the Early Vistulian, the Levallois-Mousterian, Micoquo-Prondnikian and Charentian are characteristic cultures. Upper Palaeolithic cultures (Jerzmanowician, Aurignacian,Szeletian and then East-Gravettian) developed during younger Vistulian interstadials (Interplenivistulian) correlated with stage 3 of the oxygen isotope curve. Toward the end of the Vistulian, the Magdalenian culture and the Epigravettian appeared.

20

Problem wieku reliktowych lodowców skalnych w Masywie Ślęży w świetle datowań 14C i OSL oraz obserwacji geomorfologicznych

Żurawek R.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2001

|

Vol. 49 nr 10

880-884

PL

Podjęto próbę określenia wieku reliktowych lodowców skalnych na stokach Ślęży na Przedgórzu Sudeckim. W tym celu metodą OSL (luminescencji stymulowanej optycznie) pojedynczych porcji (SAR) datowano dwie serie piasków wodnolodowcowych, włączonych przez aktywny lodowiec skalny do jego osadów. Ponadto metodą radiowęglową datowano torf, odwiercony w spągu wypełnienia zagłębienia wytopiskowego. Datowanie osadów mineralnych metodą OSL wykazało wiek 189+/-19, 387+/-50 oraz 264+/-33 tys. lat BP, natomiast datowanie torfu wiek 10270+/-150 lat BP. Daty OSL potwierdzają jedynie odrzański wiek piasków wodnolodowcowych. Jednocześnie wiek torfu, cechy rzeźby i dostępne dane dotyczące pozycji stratygraficznej reliktowych lodowców skalnych wskazują, że ostatnia faza ich aktywności miała miejsce podczas ostatniego zlodowacenia, nie wykluczając możliwości wcześniejszej wielokrotnej reaktywacji tych form. Na podstawie przesłanek stratygraficznych można uznać, że ostatnia faza aktywności lodowców skalnych prawdopodobnie miała miejsce po maksimum sedymentacji lessu w górnym plenivistulianie, a nie później, niż w młodszym dryasie.

EN

An attempt was made to define the age of relict rock glaciers on slopes of Mt. Ślęża (Sudetic Foreland, SW Poland). An OSL SAR (simple aliquot regenerative dose) dating technique was applied in order to date two series of fluvioglacial sands incorporated into the rock glacier core. Moreover, the peat from the bottom ofsediments, in filling a closed melt-out depression, was dated by a 14C technique. The OSL dating revealed the age of I89šl 9, 387š50 and 264š33 ka BP, whereas that for the peat was 10270š150 yrs BP. The results obtained show that the luminescence methods can hardly be of use for defining the age of rock glacier deposits and the dates gathered merely confirm the Odranian age of the fluvioglacial material. However, the radiocarbon age of the peat, local geomor-phology and some stratigraphical premises indicate that the terminal phase of the activity of rock glaciers occurred during the last glaciation, even though previous multiple reactivation cannot be excluded. Considering stratigraphy, it can be assumed that the last phase oflandform activity took place after the maximum loess sedimentation during the late Plenivistulian and not later than during the younger Dry as.