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Wykorzystanie numerycznego modelu terenu (NMT) w analizie zróżnicowania facjalnego osadów wezbraniowych Wisły między Basonią a Solcem nad Wisłą oraz jego znaczenia dla koncentracji metali ciężkich

Falkowska E., Falkowski T., Brach M.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2016

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Vol. 25, No. 3

311--322

PL

Celem pracy było określenie przydatności cyfrowego modelu terenu (NMT) do identyfikacji zróżnicowania środowisk depozycji współczesnych utworów wezbraniowych, a także określenie związku między poszczególnymi strefami morfodynamicznymi równi zalewowej a koncentracją metali ciężkich w osadach powierzchniowych. Badania prowadzono na odcinku doliny środkowej Wisły w obrębie jej Małopolskiego Przełomu. Poszczególne strefy morfodynamiczne były identyfikowane z wykorzystaniem analizy numerycznego modelu terenu o rozdzielczości 10 m oraz na podstawie wyników badań terenowych. Położenie granic wychodni i form rzeźby równi zalewowej określono w terenie, wykorzystując odbiorniki kodowe DGPS. W trakcie badań pobrano 110 próbek osadów wezbraniowych. Charakterystyka litologiczna obejmowała analizę granulometryczną, oznaczenie zawartości CaCO3, składu mineralnego frakcji iłowej, a także zawartości substancji organicznej. Badano zawartość Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Sr, Cd i V oraz stosunek Fe do Al. Wyniki oznaczeń laboratoryjnych poddane zostały analizie statystycznej. Otrzymane zróżnicowanie zawartości metali ciężkich w osadach wezbraniowych koresponduje z wydzielonymi dziewięcioma typami form rzeźby równi zalewowej Wisły.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of the digital terrain model (DTM) for identification the diversity of depositional environments of contemporary flood alluvia, as well as to determine the relationship between the individual morphodynamic floodplain zones and concentration of heavy metals in surface sediments. Studies were carried out in the section of the Middle Vistula valley within its Małopolska Gorge. Individual morphodynamic zones were identified in the base of the analysis of digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 10 m, as well as the results of field research. Detailed location of outcrop boundaries as well as floodplain landforms boundaries was carried out with the usage of DGPS receivers. During the study, 110 samples of flood deposits were collected. Lithologic characteristic included granulometric analysis, determination of CaCO3 content, mineral composition of clay fraction and the content of organic matter. The content of Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Sr, Cd and V, and the ratio Fe to Al were determined. The results of laboratory tests were subjected to statistical analysis. The resulting differences in the content of heavy metals in flood deposits corresponds to distinguished nine types of floodplain landforms.

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Investigations of mass movements hazard in the Vistula River valley

Ilcewicz-Stefaniuk D., Stefaniuk M.

Polish Geological Institute Special Papers

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2008

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Vol. 24

75-82

EN

Steep escarpments of the Vistula River valley and its ice-marginal valley promote the development of surface mass movements. An additional catalyzing factor for landslide processes is the river dynamics, particularly during violent flood rising. Taking into account those factors, the Vistula River valley could be regarded as more or less homogeneous area endangered by landslide processes. Five zones of landslide concentration were separated along the Vistula River valley. These are: the western boundary of the Nadwiślańska Lowland, loess escarpments close to the town of Sandomierz, escarpment in Warsaw City, the Włocławek artificial lake zone and regions of Kujawy and lower Vistula River.

PL

Strome skarpy doliny i pradoliny Wisły sprzyjają rozwojowi powierzchniowych ruchów masowych. Dodatkowym czynnikiem katalizującym procesy osuwiskowe jest dynamika rzeki, szczególnie w okresach gwałtownych wezbrań powodziowych. Te czynniki uzasadniają wyodrębnienie doliny Wisły jako względnie jednolitego obszaru zagrożonego procesami osuwiskowymi. W dolinie Wisły wydzielono 5 rejonów koncentracji aktywnych osuwisk. Są to: zachodnia część Niziny Nadwiślańskiej, wysoczyzna lessowa okolic Sandomierza, skarpa warszawska, rejon Zalewu Włocławskiego oraz rejon Kujaw i dolnej Wisły.

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Procesy osuwiskowe w dolinie Wisły

Ilcewicz-Stefaniuk Danuta, Stefaniuk Michał

Geologos

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2007

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Vol. 11

393--400

PL

Strome skarpy doliny i pradoliny Wisły oraz ich budowa geologiczna tworzą warunki sprzyjające rozwojowi powierzchniowych ruchów masowych. Czynnikiem katalizującym procesy osuwiskowe jest dynamika rzeki, zwłaszcza w okresach gwałtownych powodzi. Powyższe czynniki uzasadniają wyodrębnienie doliny Wisły jako obszaru zagrożonego procesami osuwiskowymi o względnie jednolitym charakterze. Na podstawie wykonanych badań oraz studiów archiwalnych i literaturowych w dolinie Wisły wydzielono 5 rejonów koncentracji aktywnych osuwisk. Są to: zachodnia część Niziny Nadwiślańskiej, wysoczyzna lessowa okolic Sandomierza, Skarpa Warszawska, rejon Zalewu Włocławskiego oraz rejon Kujaw i dolnej Wisły.

EN

Steep escarpments of the Vistula river valley and ice-marginal valley and its geological structure are conductive to development of surface mass movements. A catalyzing factor for landslide processes is the river dynamics, particularly during violent floods. Taking into account those factors, the Vistula river valley could be regarded as more or less homogeneous area endangered by landslide processes. Five zones of landslide concentration were separated along the Vistula river valley based on results of investigations and archive and literature studies. These are: the western boundary of the Nadwiślańska Lowland, loess escarpments close to Sandomierz town (B), escarpment in Warsaw City, the Włocławek artificial lake zone and regions of Kujawy and Lower Vistula river.

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Pochodzenie sfosfatyzowanych gąbek z warstwy dańskiego piaskowca glaukonitowego z Nasiłowa (dolina środkowej Wisły)

Świerczewska-Gładysz E., Olszewska-Nejbert D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 8

710-719

EN

The sponge fauna from the Danian glauconitic sandstone as exposed at Nasiłów, contains all species known from the underlying Upper Maastrichtian siliceous chalk and, additionally, some species not documented hitherto from the latter unit. The stratigraphic ranges of the all studied sponges indicate their Late Maastrichtian age; there are no Danian sponges in the glauconitic sandstone. Two assemblages of sponges may be distinguished in the glauconitic sandstone, based on the analysis of the infilling of their interspicular space: 1) sponges infilled with phosphatized siliceous chalk and 2) sponges infilled with phosphatized glauconitic siliceous chalk. Petrographic study indicates that the host deposit of the first assemblage was a siliceous chalk. The second type originated from a glauconitic siliceous chalk unit, probably equivalent to the so-called Żyrzyn Beds of Late Maastrichtian age. The glauconitic chalk orginally overlain the siliceous chalk at Nasiłów, but has been subsequently eroded. Detailed analysis of the relations between two types of infillings allows to distinguish a latest Maastrichtian stage of erosion after deposition of the siliceous chalk, not recognised by previous authors. In this erosional stage, phosphatized sponges originally embedded in siliceous chalk were re-exposed and subsequently buried during the deposition of the glauconitic siliceous chalk unit.

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Związek akumulacji metali ciężkich w osadach facji powodziowej z morfologią doliny Wisły na odcinku od Annopola do Gołębia

Falkowska E.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2005

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Vol. 53, nr 8

681--686

EN

A distinct zonality as shown in the occurrence of trace elements accumulated in the flood facies of the Vistula River between Annopol and Gołąb. Their amount may be linked with the character and dynamics of river flow in its particular stretches because the nature of the fluvial processes influences on the lithological composition of deposits. Thus the content of these elements in the deposits is related to the geomorphologic conditions of the valley evolution, such as the occurrence of gorge zones and zones with free channel development. The highest concentrations have been noted in flood deposits occurring as intercalations within the channel facies and deposited in the widest parts of the river valley. The lowest concentrations of the trace elements have been observed in the gorge zones of the valley. These are places where the flow is most dynamic, enabling only the formation of low and medium cohesive silty flood deposits with low contents of organic matter, iron oxides and calcium carbonate.

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Pleistocene river valleys and ice sheet limits in the Southern Mazovian Lowland, central Poland

Żarski M.

Geological Quarterly

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2002

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Vol. 46, No 2

147-164

EN

The buried and present-day Vistula valleys has developed along tectonic linear structures of NW-SE trend. The Vistula river valley and its tributaries essentialy maintained their courses during the Małopolanian, Ferdynandovian, Mazovian and Eemian interglacials. During the Małopolanian, Mazovian, Ferdynandovian interglacials the gradient of the buried Vistula valley was 0.57?, while during the Eemian Interglacial and during deposition of Vistulian terraces and Holocene flood plain deposits it was about 0.34?, due to from tectonic movements. The width of the buried Vistula valley was the greatest during the Eemian Interglacial (15 km) and during the Vistulian (17 km) when strong lateral erosion occurred. The stratigraphy of the Quaternary deposits is based on palynologically documented sites of the Ferdynandovian, Mazovian and Eemian interglacials. This region was covered by ice sheets of the Nidanian, Sanian, Wilgian, Liviecian, Odranian and Wartanian glaciations during eight advances. Liviecian and Wartanian Glaciation maximum limits were determined in the study area. Interstadial fluvial deposits, between the premaximum and maximum stadials of the Odranian Glaciation, were recognised and termed sediments of the Gniewosznian Interstadial. The deposits of the Wartanian Glaciation have been TL dated at 146-203 ka BP and the Odranian at 212-280 ka BP.

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Crevassing of an inland dune during the 1998 flood in upper Vistula river valley (South Poland

Gębica P., Stachowicz-Rybka R.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2002

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Vol. 72, No 2

191-197

EN

A relatively small flood in April 1998 inundated stream valleys draining the Tarnów Plateau. The flood water of one of these streams crevassed a dune. An elongated crevasse, an irregular-shaped transport zone and a crevasse splay were formed as a result. The crevasse splay consisted of several lobes, which were separated by crevasse channels. Minor fans formed at the channel outlets. All this forms were the result of rapid processes of erosion and accumulation. The dominant lithofacies in the crevasse splay sediments were fine and medium sand with horizontal (bottomset) and low-angle (topset) stratification. Trough and planar cross-stratified medium- and coarse-grained sands appear in the middle part of the vertical sequence. Most of these sediments were laid down in a high-energy environment of a sheet flow. The phase of vanishing flow left ripple marks, encountered in the highest part of the distal splay.