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Readability of Characters on Mobile Phone Liquid Crystal Displays

Hasegawa S., Fujikake K., Omori M., Miyao M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2008

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Vol. 14, No. 3

293--304

EN

Subject performance in reading characters on mobile phone liquid crystal displays was researched by using (a) English sentences with 3 or 4 different sizes of characters on 2 types of displays with different resolutions (n = 23; age = 31.0 ± 6.0 years), (b) Japanese characters in 3 different sizes and 2 types of font (n = 98; age = 44.5 ± 18.5 years), and (c) Japanese characters vertically enlarged 1–4 times (n = 120; age = 46.9 ± 18.6 years). Subjective evaluation, reading speed, number of reading errors, and viewing distance were recorded. Readability was higher with higher resolution displays, and with Gothic than with Mincho font in Japanese. Young subjects shortened the viewing distance as characters became smaller, whereas elderly subjects increased the viewing distance irrespective of the size of characters. Characters of 3–5 mm are appropriate for the young but inadequate for the elderly. Readability of Japanese characters improved when they were vertically enlarged to approximately twice the width.

2

The Effect of an Ergonomic Intervention on Musculoskeletal, Psychosocial and Visual Strain of VDT Entry Work: Organization and Methodology of the International Study

Dainoff M. J., Aaras A., Horgen G., Konarska M., Larsen S., Thoresen M., Cohen B. G. F.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 1

9--23

EN

This special issue of the International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE) reports the results from an extensive multinational and multidisciplinary collaborative investigation of the impacts on visual display terminal (VDT) work of musculoskeletal, visual, ergonomic, and psychosocial factors. For brevity, this effort has been referred to as the MEPS project musculoskeletal-eyestrain-psychosocial-stress). This paper lays out the basic methodological structure of the study. The study was conducted in 4 countries utilizing VDT data entry workers as the primary subject population. A battery of objective and subject assessment measures, including muscle load, visual function, physical and visual strain, postural, ergonomic and psychosocial factors, were assessed at 3 different points in time. A pre-test was given prior to an ergonomic intervention. Two posttests were given 1 month and 1 year after the ergonomic intervention.

3

An Attempt at Preventing Asthenopia Among VDT Workers

Omori M., Watanabe T., Takai J., Takada H., Miyao M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2003

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Vol. 9, No. 4

453--462

EN

We report the results of 3 surveys of visual display terminal (VDT) users who took a minibreak during which they viewed a stereoscopic image of a repeating parallel pattern showing planets. The single image stereogram method employed is called Stretch Eye™, and we evaluated the effects of Stretch Eye™ on asthenopia. An accommodative relaxation of about 1 D was observed in participants while they were gazing at the image. The employees of 2 information technology companies were evaluated according to a visual analogue scale (VAS) for subjective symptoms of asthenopia and eyesight. The results showed that Stretch Eye™ was effective in easing visual fatigue due to VDT work and it improved eyesight under working conditions.

4

Effects of Neutral Posture on Muscle Tension During Computer Use

Dowler E., Kappes B., Fenaughty A., Pemberton G.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2001

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Vol. 7, No. 1

61--78

EN

This study focused on developing a new approach to seated work positions as conducted on 67 office workers who use a Visual Display Terminal (VDT) as a major function of their working day. Muscle tension was measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) while participants were asked to adopt 4 selected working postures. Pain was measured before and after ergonomic intervention on the Nordic scale, which was modified for this study. Adjustable workstations were used to place participants in desired positions during the clinical testing sessions and the extended intervention period. Results indicate the effects of this ergonomic intervention may have positive effects on muscle tension and pain, significant enough to encourage employers to implement training and workstation modifications following these guidelines.