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Challenges and coping strategies of potable water supply systems in rural communities of Vhembe District Municipality, South Africa

Malima Tuwani Petrus, Kilonzo Beata, Zuwarimwe Jethro

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 53

148--157

EN

Challenges with respect to potable water supply in Vhembe District threaten the health and welfare of local community. This paper is aimed at assessing the challenges and residents’ coping strategies to improve the potable water supply systems in rural areas in Vhembe District Municipality (VDM). Data for this paper was collected from households, councillors, traditional leaders and municipal officials through questionnaires, interviews and focus-group discussions. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used and thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. The results showed that the main sources of water are ground water from boreholes which are used by about 45.3% of the communities, followed by tap water from the dams, by 35.3%, then rivers by 4.0%, fountains by 5.4% and water tankers by 10.0%. Among the identified challenges are: aged water infrastructure, system breakdowns, lack of funding, vandalism of infrastructure and lack of maintenance, operation of infrastructure by unskilled technicians, theft, and non-payment of water services, among others. To cope with water supply challenges, the study recommended that communities play active role in water projects which would include paying of water supply service for its sustainability. They should also play active roles in water committees that will manage, operate and maintain the water supply with the assistance of VDM officials. It was concluded that the rural water supply situation can be improved when communities, government and other relevant stakeholders cooperate and provide solutions and resources.

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Simulation of the dynamics of aerosol particle aggregates

Moskal A.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 28, z. 3

695-704

EN

A novel simulators of the translational and rotational motion and reconstruction during impaction of aggregates of aerosol particles have been presented. The results show that the structure of aggregates affects their dynamics. The viscous dumping model can be used to describe the reconstruction of aggregates, which allow to "design" the geometry of aggregates.

PL

Przedstawiono dwa nowe modele dynamiki agregatów aerozolowych uwzględniające translacje i rotację agregatu w przestrzeni trójwymiarowej (RBM) oraz restrukturyzację podczas zderzenia (VDM). Wyniki pokazują, że dynamika ich ruchu w znacznym stopniu zależy od geometrii agregatów. Model VDM może być użyty do opisu zjawisk rekonstrukcji geometrii układu, co pozwala "projektować" geometrię agregatów.

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Remodelling of vibrating systems via frequency-domain-based virtual distortion method

Mróz M., Holnicki-Szulc J.

Mechanics / AGH University of Science and Technology

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2005

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Vol. 24, no. 2

124-129

EN

The paper deals with Virtual Distortion Method (VDM) in frequency domain. VDM method is addressed to problems, where steady state response can be the base of the dynamical analysis. The VDM methodology allows fast modification of the original structures without need of modifications of their stiffness, damping and mass matrices. The present work contains the methodology of the new approach, some numerical results of computations and optimization problem. Finally the analysis of sensibility is formulated.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł zajmuje się Metodą Dystorsji Wirtualnych (MDW) w dziedzinie częstotliwości. MDW odnosi się do problemów dynamicznych, w których odpowiedź jest ustalona w czasie. MDW pozwala na szybką modyfikację konstrukcji bez konieczności modyfikacji całej macierzy sztywności, tłumienia czy masy. Praca zawiera sformułowanie nowego podejścia, wyniki obliczeń numerycznych, a także sformułowanie problemu optymalizacji i wrażliwości konstrukcji dla nowego podejścia.