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Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Upper Visean Paprotnia Beds (Bardo Unit, Polish Sudetes) using ichnological and palaeontological data

Muszer J., Uglik M.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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Vol. 57, No. 3

365--384

EN

In this paper the trace fossil associations and the taphocoenoses from the Upper Visean Paprotnia Beds (Bardo Unit) have been compared. Eleven ichnogenera have been recognized (Zoophycos, Chondrites, Protovirgularia, Lockeia, Palaeophycus, Nereites, Planolites, Altichnus, Paleobuprestis, cf. Thalassinoides and ?daedaloid form). A new ichnospecies Paleobuprestis sudeticus has been defined herein. It is the oldest wood-boring trace fossil observed in macroscale and the first wood-boring trace fossil preserved on the archaeocalamites stems. Based on ichnodiversity and relative abundance of trace fossils in the investigated strata three ichnoassociations have been distinguished: Zoophycos–Chondrites–Palaeophycus, Palaeophycus–Nereites and Paleobuprestis. Vertical succession of both the taphocoenoses and ichnoassociations reflects the different colonization stages of the substrate and is linked to bathymetric changes in the marine basin from offshore to nearshore conditions in warm climate at low latitude. The Paprotnia profile is a unique record of the Asbian–Brigantian transition.

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Palynology of the upper Visean Paprotnia Beds (Bardo Unit, Polish Sudetes)

Górecka-Nowak A., Muszer J.

Geological Quarterly

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2011

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Vol. 55, No. 2

165-180

EN

The siliciclastic rocks of the Paprotnia Beds from the Bardo Unit (Polish Sudetes) provide abundant and diverse palynological material. The miospore assemblages recovered allow distinction of two miospore biozones. The Tripartites vetustus–Rotaspora fracta (VF) Biozone was recognized in the lower and the middle parts of the section. In its upper part the Cingulizonates capistratus (Cc) Subbiozone, the lower part of the Cingulizonates capistratus–Bellispores nitidus (CN) Biozone was distinguished. These results indicate that the rocks of the Paprotnia section, considered earlier on the basis of biostratigraphic and radiometric data as upper Asbian, should be assigned to the upper Asbian and Brigantian. The location of the Asbian/Brigantian boundary and the possible occurrence of a gap in the Brigantian part of the section are discussed. Palynofacies observations of miospore preservation and frequency provided additional information, which confirm the gradual shallowing of the environment of deposition from offshore to onshore. Thermal maturity assessment of organic matter, based on miospore colour, indicates early mature and mature stages of organic matter thermal alteration.

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First Paleozoic Zoophycos trace fossils from the Sudetes (the Bardo Unit)

Muszer J., Haydukiewicz J.

Geological Quarterly

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2010

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Vol. 54, No 3

381-384

EN

The trace fossil Zoophycos has been first time recognized in the Sudetes within the lower Carboniferous (upper Visean, crenistria Zone) of the Paprotnia Beds in the Bardo Unit. A distinct concentration of Zoophycos occurs in the lower part of the Paprotnia profile, in mudstones interbedded with bentonites, which were most likely deposited between storm wave base and fair weather wave base, in oxygenated water.

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Occurrence of the trace fossil Zoophycos from the Upper Viséan Paprotnia Beds of the Bardo Structural Unit (Sudetes, SW Poland)

Muszer J., Haydukiewicz J.

Geologia Sudetica

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2009

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Vol. 41

57-66

EN

This paper presents evidence for the first confirmed occurrence of the trace fossil Zoophycos from any geological unit of the Polish Sudetes. The Zoophycos specimens were found in the Lower Carboniferous fossil-rich Paprotnia Beds, which are located in the Bardo Structural Unit of the Sudetes. The beds belong to Goniatites crenistria Zone of the Upper Viséan and are thought to represent shallow-water platform deposits. Several dozen Zoophycos specimens were studied in detail, and two morphotypes (termed A1 and A2) of different sizes were distinguished. There was a marked concentration of Zoophycos trace fossils in the lower part of the Paprotnia section, the sediments of which we interpret as probably having been formed between storm wave base and fair-weather wave base within oxygenated water.

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Offshore to onshore transition in the Upper Viséan paleontological record from the Paprotnia section (Bardo Mts., West Sudetes)

Haydukiewicz J., Muszer J.

Geologia Sudetica

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2002

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Vol. 34

17-38

EN

This report provides detailed information on the taphocenosis succession from the Paprotnia series exposed in the western part of the Bardo Mts. (West Sudetes) and regarded as a temporal equivalent of the pelagic crenistria Limestone (cd III a, Upper Viséan). Five taphocoenoses have been recognised in the investigated section, which is composed of claystone and mudstone shales, greywackes and subordinately by carbonates. They differ mainly in terms of the relative frequency, size and state of preservation of specimens, and less in terms of their taxonomical composition. Changes in their vertical succession are coincidental with changes in the lithological record. Analyses of their taxonomical composition and various parameters of their paleontological record, reviewed herein, were used to estimate the paleoenvironment. Taphocoenosis I was deposited under low-energy conditions, probably in oxygen-deficient waters below the wave base. Taphocoenosis II was most likely accumulated in the environment located between the storm wave and fair weather wave bases, in oxygenated water. The fossils of assemblage III developed in a turbulent environment of well-oxygenated and relatively high-temperature shallow water. The organisms of taphocoenosis IV reflect renewed settling of the shallow seafloor during a short period of low energy conditions interrupted by the rapid delivery of a large quantity of terrigenic deposits. The uppermost part of the section, composed mainly of greywackes, which contain only the remains of terrestrial plants (taphocoenosis V) may suggest proximity to land. Both the paleontological and lithological features of the Paprotnia series indicate gradual environmental changes from offshore to onshore conditions. Consequently, the Paprotnia series represents the shallower facies equivalent of the pelagic crenistria Limestone, which is widespread in the Kulm facies of Variscan Europe