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1 Zuziak J.

1 2008

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Przedstawiciele Wojska Polskiego w Misji Dobrych Usług ONZ w Afganistanie i Pakistanie oraz w Grupie Obserwatorów Wojskowych ONZ w Iranie i Iraku

Zuziak J.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

2008

nr 3(72)

300-314

The Polish Armed Forces have been actively participating in International missions and peace operations for 56 years. The main tasks of these undertakings is to ease International tensions, resolve violent conflicts, preventive protection of brokered earlier ceasefire, truce, as well as observation activities etc. Peace operations are one of the major mechanisms of solving conflicts which pose threat to peace and world security, and at the same time are a permanent and extremely important element of international politics. The author of the article presents Poland’s engagement in two observation missions. The first one is the United Nations Observer Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan (UNGOMAP) in 1988 - 1990 set up after a few years’ war in Afghanistan. Ten countries delegated their representatives to participate in UNGOMAP, The observers’ work concentrated mainly on three essential tasks: monitoring of non-interference and non- intervention by the parties; monitoring of the Soviet troops’ withdrawal from Afghanistan; monitoring the voluntary return of refugees. The second part of the article focuses on the work of Polish officers within United Nations Iran - Iraq Military Observer Group (UNIMOG) established after Iran - Iraq war in 1980 - 1988. The UN Secretary General defined the mandate observers’ task in the following way: (a) to establish with the parties agreed ceasefire lines on the basis of the forward defended localities occupied by the two sides on D-Day but adjusting these, as may be agreed, when the positions of the two sides were judged to be dangerously close to each other; (b) to monitor compliance with the ceasefire; (c) to investigate any alleged violations of the ceasefire and restore the situation if a violation took place; (d) to prevent, through negotiation, any other change in the status quo, pending withdrawal of all forces to the internationally recognized boundaries; (e) to supervise, verify and confirm the withdrawal of all forces to the internationally recognized boundaries; (f) thereafter, to monitor the ceasefire on the internationally recognized boundaries, investigate alleged violations and prevent, through negotiation, any other change in the status quo, pending negotiation of a comprehensive settlement; (g) to obtain the agreement of the parties to other arrangements which, pending negotiation of a comprehensive settlement, could help to reduce tension and build confidence between them, such as the establishment of areas of separation of forces on either side of the international border, limitations on the number and calibre of weapons to be deployed in areas close to the international border, and patrolling by United Nations naval personnel of certain sensitive areas in or near the Shatt al-Arab.