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Utilization of Coal Fly Ash and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Compost to Improve the Uptake of Soil Phosphorus and Yield of Maize Grown on Ultisol

Fahrunsyah, Kusuma Zaenal, Prasetya Budi, Handayanto Eko

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 6

36--43

The study aimed at elucidating the utilization of coal fly ash and oil palm empty fruit bunch compost to improve the soil phosphorus uptake and yield of maize grown on Ultisol. The investigation was carried out in a greenhouse. The treatments tested were a combination of four coal fly ash doses (0, 20, 40, and 80 t ha-1) and three doses of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost (0, 10, and 20 t ha-1). At 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after planting, plant height, leaf number and stem diameter were observed. At the time of harvest (10 weeks after planting), fresh and dry weights of cobs, roots, stem, leaves, and seeds, as well as P uptake on the plant tissues, were observed. The results showed that the application of coal fly ash and oil palm empty fruit bunch compost significantly increased the P uptake, growth and yield of maize. The combination of 80 t coal fly ash ha-1 with 20 t oil palm empty fruit bunch compost ha-1 resulted in the highest P uptake, growth and yield of maize. Compared to the control treatment, the increase in P uptake by maize, the fresh cob weight, the dry cob weight, the biomass dry weight, and the dry seed weight were 303.23%, 285.39%, 364.91%, 329.59% and 1,591.70%, respectively.

Formulation of Biochar-Compost and Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch to Improve Growth of Maize in an Ultisol of Central Kalimantan

Ichriani G. I., Syehfani, Nuraini Y., Handayanto E.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2018

Vol. 19, nr 6

45--55

The efficiency of phosphorus uptake by plants in an Ultisol soil is very low because most of the soil phosphorus is precipitated by Al and Fe. Oil palm empty fruit bunches can be used as basic materials of biochar and compost, and as sources of isolates of phosphate solubilizing fungi. This study was aimed at elucidating the effect of application of phosphate-solubilizing fungi with biochar and the compost produced from oil palm empty fruit bunches on the growth and yield of maize an Ultisol of Central Kalimantan. This study consisted of two experiments. The first experiment was inoculation of four isolates of phosphate solubilizing fungi isolated from of oil palm empty fruit bunches, i.e. Acremonium (TB1), Aspergillus (TM7), Hymenella (TM1) and Neosartorya (TM8) to 'biocom' media (mixture of biochar and compost generated from oil palm empty fruit bunches) to obtain phosphate-solubilizing fungi that can adapt to the media. In the second experiment, the best results in the first experiment were applied to an Ultisol soil planted with maize. The results showed that the isolates that were best adapted to biocom media were Aspergillus-TB7 with 60:40 proportion (60% biochar + 40% compost) and Neosartorya-TM8 with 70:30 proportions (60% biochar + 40% compost). The use of the first experiment results in the second experiment showed that the application of biocom plus Neosartorya-TM8 (BTM) on an Ultisol soil significantly improved the growth and yield of maize, as well as its the phosphorus uptake and uptake efficiency.