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Prof. dr Franciszek Uhorczak - Jego wkład w rozwój polskiej kartografii (w stulecie urodzin)

Sirko M., Mościbroda J.

Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny

2002

T. 34, nr 4

251-260

Autorzy przypominają sylwetkę naukową prof. Franciszka Uhorczaka z okazji setnej rocznicy urodzin. Artykuł ma dwa wątki. Pierwszy dotyczy wybranych informacji z życiorysu Profesora, natomiast drugi - zasadniczy - stanowi przegląd Jego dorobku naukowego.

The life of Professor Franciszek Uhorczak (1902-1981: the 100th anniversary of his bithday occurred in February 2002) can be divided into two periods. The first was connected with the Lvov geographical center, and the other with the University of Maria Skłodowska-Curie (UMCS) in Lublin. In 1932 he received a degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of geography, for his thesis "On the methodology of settlement research". The War years he spent in Lvov and came back to Poland in 1946. For two years he lectured cartography and anthropogeography at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. In 1949 he moved to Lublin, where he headed the Chair of Economic Geopraphy, and worked in a local Commission of Regional Planning until 1952. Professor's scientific output is rich and diverse. As a result of constant research he realized forward-looking and often controversial works. His bibliography includes over 170 titles (J.Gurba 1972, J. Ostrowski 1982). Many of his works, especially maps remained unpublished. For him a map was a tool of research. Thematic cartography, especially socio-economic was his main field of interest. Many topics he developed throughout his life, e.g. the widely understood problems of isarithmic maps. Here one should mention the concept of the field of reference - he innovatively introduced moved circle fields, formulated the rule of interpolation triangles as a condition of correct interpolation and introduced fractured isarithms. Franciszek Uhorczak conducted research on every type of isolines, among which equidistants occupy a special place. He used them in his research on settlement when still in Lvov. Equidistants drawn around dwellings made it possible to obtain from topographic maps a geographically faithful picture of the range of settlement, which could then be transferred into a smaller scale. In his Lublin period he applied this method in General Map of Land Use in Poland as well as in a multisheet Map of World Settlement in 1:1 000 000. He won public acclaim for his original cartographic approach to the maps in the 5-volume "Popular Geography" edited by PWN (Polish Scientific Publishers), and especially 19 landscape maps in the last three volumes. Professor had an exceptional ability to compute numeral indexes and use them in tables and diagrams. Among his more important works in which he used this ability is Physical Geography in Numbers, so co-authored with J. Staszewski. It is a unique compendium which comprises a rich systematically classified volume of phenomena and processes which take place on Earth (1139 tables with approximately 150 000 figures). Mathematical "roots" are also presented in several new methods of graphic presentation, which he suggested, such as hypsographoid, tablegram, statistical anaglyph, cartographic method of concentration and cartotypogram. The last two of them were especially well received. Professor had wide knowledge not only of cartography and geography, but also of statistics, economy and history. He had an extensive library and one of the biggest private cartography collection in Poland. His cheerfulness and friendly attitude won him popular sympathy. In the Chair of Cartography which he headed he managed to create an exceptional, almost family atmosphere.