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EN
A planar monopole antenna is an aerial, which the radiating element is perpendicular to the ground plane. It has five equal curvy sides and works at Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band of terrestrial broadcast 478–806 MHz. The curvy sides are made of five equal trimmed ellipses and separated 72o each ellipse to another, form pentagonal shape. Optimizations are obviously necessary to gain the antenna performance at the desired frequency range. The dimensions to optimize this antenna performance are the length of the sides, the offset of curvature, the antenna height from the ground plane, and the ground plane size. Optimization process is done by simulating the proposed antenna with calculated designs using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite 2015 software. The optimized antenna design then fabricated with a 75 W coaxial line fed, measured, and results: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) range of 1.05–1.28, antenna gain at 600 MHz is 15.33 dBi, elliptical polarized, and omnidirectional. With these features, this antenna should satisfy the requirements of UHF television broadcasting.
EN
The complete methodology of designing T- and modified ring resonators in the UHF band are presented in the paper. On the basis of proposed algorithms, the dedicated software tool has been elaborated in order to determine material parameters of contemporary substrates. The program is implemented in the Mathcad environment and it includes the base of information on known materials used in electronic products. Also, test sample series for selected substrate materials (IS680, FR408, I-SPEED PCB ISOLA and A6-S LTCC FERRO) and operating requencies from 1 GHz to 3 GHz are analyzed in details. The special test stand with a vector network analyzer has been applied in experiments. The obtained data of relative permittivity measurements and model calculations are described, discussed and concluded.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano dwie metody wyznaczania czułości chipu identyfikatora funkcjonującego w propagacyjnych systemach RFID pasma UHF. Czułość jest reprezentowana przez minimalną moc, która zapewnia prawidłowe działanie identyfikatora w systemie. Parametr ten stanowi podstawę dla syntezy trójwymiarowego obszaru poprawnej pracy w wielokrotnych systemach RFID, przy założeniu ich prawidłowego funkcjonowania nie tylko w stanach statycznych, ale także w trudnych warunkach dynamicznych.
EN
Nowadays there is often a need to implement innovative solutions in Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) which relate to different economic and public activity (in industry, commerce, science, medicine and others) [1-3]. It should be noted that among all factors affecting the operation of RFID systems, the interrogation zone is the most useful parameter at the design stage (Section 1). This parameter defines the possibility of using RFID system applications in automated identification processes [1, 4]. It also comprehensively covers the energy and communication aspects involved with operation of individual devices of the RFID system (Fig. 1). However, the power supply conditions of passive transponders are critical when the interrogation zone is calculated [5]. Two methods for determination of the chip sensitivity of a transponder working in RFID systems of UHF band are presented in this paper (Section 2). The sensitivity is represented by the minimal power (2), which ensures proper operation of the transponder in the RFID system. This parameter is the basis for synthesis of the 3D interrogation zone for anticollision UHF RFID systems operating in static (fixed location and orientation of objects in space) or dynamic state (objects changing their location and orientation in space). The professional test stand for verification of the sensitivity determination has been also constructed (Section 3).
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano problem syntezy obszaru poprawnej pracy dla propagacyjnych systemów RFID, przy założeniu ich prawidłowego funkcjonowania nie tylko w stanach statycznych (obiekty nieruchome), ale także w trudnych warunkach dynamicznych (obiekty zmieniające swoją lokalizację i orientację w przestrzeni). Dodatkowo wskazano przesłanki, które zapewniają wykorzystywanie obszaru poprawnej pracy jako podstawowego parametru aplikacyjnego systemów RFID.
EN
Nowadays there is often a need to design and implement innovative solutions in Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID). It should be noted that among all factors (Section 1) [4-8] affecting the operation of RFID systems the interrogation zone is the most useful parameter at the design stage [1, 2, 4]. This parameter defines the possibility of using RFID applications for particular automated identification processes. It also comprehensively covers the energy and communication aspects involved with operating of individual components (Fig. 1). At the present state of knowledge the lack of precise specifications (from manufacturers) of electrical and structural properties of offered elements is the main reason for inhibiting the practical implementation of the anticollision identification process. The ability of the interrogation zone synthesis (Section 2) in the RFID system for particular applications consists in the possibility of using complete base of information and taking into account many variables, such as the system parameters, conditions in which it operates, as well as antenna placement and orientation in space (Figs. 2 and 3). The problem of interrogation zone synthesis for the anticollision UHF RFID systems operating under dynamic conditions is presented in the paper (Section 3). The professional test stand (Figs. 4 and 5) for the model verification was constructed.
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