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Identification and evolution of the Turonian aquifer case study: Cretaceous basin of Béchar, southwestern Algeria

Sadat Sonia, Mansour Hamidi, Mekkaoui Abderrahmane, Merzougui Touhami

Journal of Water and Land Development

2020

no. 46

190--199

Faced with the challenges of sustainable groundwater resource management in the arid zone, the identification of reserves and their monitoring have become vital. This paper aims to identify the Turonian aquifer in the Cretaceous Béchar basin, and calculate its transmissivity, permeability and storage coefficient, as well as its evolution over time. This Turonian aquifer is characterized by marine limestones (gentle dip shelters 45° to the North and 5° to 10° to the South). Pumping tests revealed a transmissivity T of 10–4 to 10–2 m2·s–1, a permeability K of 10–6 to 10–4 m·s–1 and a storage coefficient S of approximately 10–3. Two piezometric campaigns, carried out between (1976–2018), show a converging and constant flow direction from the North–East to the South–West and from the North–West to the South–East towards the outlet of the basin. Decreased values were observed in the North and South–West borders due to isopiezometric lines. However, this water table is not in a stationary state, it shows seasonal and interannual fluctuations in relation to the variable rainfall and the exploitation rate. In terms of facies, the projection of the two hydrochemical campaigns, during 1976 and 2018 on the Piper diagram, did not show any significant evolution, they are concentrated in the chlorinated and sulphated calcium and magnesium facies.

Hydrochemical assessment and groundwater pollution parameters in arid zone: Case of the Turonian aquifer in Béchar region, southwestern Algeria

Mokeddem I., Belhachemi M., Merzougui T., Nabbou N., Lachache S.

Journal of Water and Land Development

2018

no. 39

109--117

Groundwater samples from Turonian aquifer of Béchar region were evaluated as drinking and irrigation water sources. physicochemical parameters including pH, EC, TH, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl–, SO4 2– and NO3 – were determined for 16 water sampling points. These characterizations show that the groundwater is fresh to brackish, slightly alkaline and the major ions are Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl– and SO4 2–. According to WHO standards, 50% of the analysed water are suitable as a drinking source while the other samples are not in compliance with drinking water standards. This non-compliance is basically due to the high concentrations of Na+, Cl–, and SO4 2– requesting further treatment to reach the stringent standards. According to the results of nitrate concentrations, anthropogenic source seems to influence the groundwater quality. The present study shows that Béchar groundwater may represent an important drinking and irrigation water source. However, a specific management strategy should be adapted in order to avoid the contamination by anthropogenic sources.

Oceniano przydatność wód gruntowych z wieku/piętra turonu w regionie Béchar do nawadniania i zaopatrzenia ludności w wodę pitną. W próbkach wody z 16 stanowisk oznaczano pH, przewodność elektrolityczną (EC), całkowitą twardość (TH), Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl–, SO4 2– i NO3 –. Analiza wykazała, że wody gruntowe są słodkie do słonawych, alkaliczne, a głównymi jonami są: Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl– i SO4 2–. Według norm WHO 50% analizowanych próbek spełnia wymogi stawiane wodzie przeznaczonej do picia. W pozostałych próbkach zbyt duże stężenie Na+, Cl– i SO4 2– wskazuje na konieczność uzdatniania wody, aby osiągnęła ona wymagane standardy. Stężenie azotanów wskazuje na antropogeniczne źródło zanieczyszczenia tymi jonami. Badania dowodzą, że wody gruntowe Béchar mogą być źródłem wody do nawadniania i do celów spożywczych. Należy jednak przyjąć szczególną strategię gospodarowania wodą, aby uniknąć zanieczyszczenia ze źródeł antropogenicznych.