Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2 2023

Znaleziono wyników: 2

Liczba wyników na stronie

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych: Tigris River

Sortuj według:

Ogranicz wyniki do:

Using GPS and Run-Off Rates Data to Study the Close Monitoring Networks for Dams – Al-Kut Barrages as a Case Study

Saiwan Malik Khalaf, Hamdoon Rana Mozahim, Al-Zuhairy Mudhaffar Sadiq

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 2

87--93

The dams and barrages are among the most important engineering structures for water supply, flood control, agriculture, and electric power generation. Monitoring the horizontal and vertical deformation of the barrage’s body and identifying the risk it’s so important to maintain the dam and also to reduce costs. Where in this research the case of the Al-Kut barrage is studied by observing the body of the barrage using surveying devices through (GPS) by taking spatial observations of the two networks of stations, the horizontal and vertical networks. Then compare them with the observations of previous years to determine the magnitude of the deformation through the differences between the observations. By calculating the differences and finding the displacement of surveying observations from 2014 to 2021, It was found that the highest and least displacements in the horizontal stations is 50 and 11 mm, respectively. Also, for the vertical network observations, the highest and lowest differences in elevation were 11and 3 mm, respectively. Where, the results showed a slight deformation within the acceptable limits. In addition, the annual and monthly discharge rates for a number of years were evaluated to observe the extent of the impact of run-off rates on increasing sedimentation at the upstream of Al-Kut barrage. It was found that the accumulation of sediment on the river’s left bank affected the gates’ efficiency and put pressure on the other gates, which led to some operational issues in the barrage gates.

Application of the Water Quality and Water Pollution Indexes for Assessing Changes in Water Quality of the Tigris River in the South Part of Iraq

Al-Bahathy Idrees A. A., Al-Janabi Zahraa Zahraw, Al-Ani Rana R., Maktoof Afrah A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 5

177--184

Two water quality indices (WQI) were applied in the Tigris River using thirteen water quality parameters (pH, chlorides, sulfate, nitrate, salts, BOD5, iron, boron, zinc, lead, cadmium, copper, and chromium) in this study. They were calculated for the six years from 2008 to 2013 and then compared with sets of standard values of river maintaining systems. The results indicated that the water quality of the Tigris River for CCME-WQI was generally "Fair" to "Good" in 2008, 2009, and 2010 (CCME WQI range: 69.67–88.46) for all sites. CCME WQI values fell from "Marginal" to "Fair" in all sites over the last two years (2012 and 2013). WPI was "pure" to "Moderately polluted" from 2008–2011 (WPI range: 0.63–1.55) for all sites. Whereas, WPI values dropped to ranging from "Moderately polluted" to "polluted" (WPI range: 1.15–2.39) in all sites in 2012 and 2013. The effect of various human activities and dryness were evident on some parameters such as the heavy metals, Sulfate, Chlorides, Salts and Nitrate. Where their concentrations exceeded the permissible limits of the river maintaining system in most of the sites, and thus were the reason for the decline in the values of the indices. So, the monitoring of the Tigris River is important for proper management and for preserving this important water source.