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Machining of TiAl6V4 using lubricants containing renewable microalgae-born performance additives

Koch Thomas, Wenzel Dominik, Gläbe Ralf

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

2024

Vol. 18, no. 1

55--59

Titanium and its alloys represent a special class of materials. A density of 4.81 g/cm³, a tensile strength of over 1,200 MPa, a fatigue strength greater than that of steel, a low modulus of elasticity and its self-passivating, inert surface make titanium an ideal material for lightweight structures in aerospace, marine applications, the chemical industry and medical implants. Although titanium is inert in its oxidised state, its nascent surface created in machining reacts with almost everything in its environment, including the tool. Moreover, its poor thermal conductivity results in high thermal stress on the tools. Overall, these properties lead to high wear rates and result in the requirement for finding a particularised solution for processes such as milling that involve the need to overcome such challenges. Such processes therefore require lubricants with well-selected performance additives. However, most of these performance additives are based on mineral oil and thus come from a non-renewable resource. In the presented work, environmental-friendly alternatives to conventional mineral oil-based performance additives were investigated. Due to the working mechanisms of performance additives in machining, this work focusses on sulphur- and phosphorus-containing polysaccharides and proteins from microalgae. It has been successfully shown that lubricants using extracts from microalgae as performance additives can be used for high-speed milling (HSC) of TiAl6V4. The investigated extracts were able to reach the performance level of conventional additives in terms of tool lifetime and wear. The results obtained show that appropriate alternatives to mineral oil-based additives exist from renewable raw-material sources.

Technologia spawania GTA i plazmowego GTA złączy cienkich blach ze stopu tytanu TiAl6V4

Klimpel A., Dobrzański L. A., Luksa K., Janicki D., Lisiecki A., Klimpel A. S.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

2005

R. 50, nr 5

237-248

W artykule opisano wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w celu opracowania i weryfikacji kryteriów doboru gazu formującego grań spoiny oraz przygotowania powierzchni króćca i rurki, przewodów paliwowych silników lotniczych ze stopu tytanu TiAl6V4 (AMS 4928Q), do spawania metodą TIG i plazmowego TIG. Wstępne próby spawania przeprowadzono na złączach doczołowych i zakładkowych blach o grubości odpowiadającej grubości ścianki złączy króciec-rurka 0,71 mm, symulując warunki technologiczne spawania złącza króciec-rurka z zakładką kielichową. Próby spawania TIG i plazmowego TIG złączy doczołowych i zakładkowych blach ze stopu tytanu AMS 4928Q o grubości 0,71 mm wykazały, że istnieje stosunkowo wąski zakres parametrów optymalnych, zapewniających wysoką jakość złączy, natomiast sposób przygotowania złączy doczołowych i zakładkowych oraz dokładność dopasowania obszaru złącza, wywierają znaczny wpływ na jakość złączy spawanych TIG i plazmowo TIG.

This paper describes the study on TIG and plasma TIG welding of fuel pipes and inlets for jet engines made of titanium alloy TiAl6V4 (AMS 4928Q). Influence of surface preparation method of the pipes and inlets for welding and the influence of shielding gas for root protection was investigated. lnitially butt and overlap joints of titanium alloy of O.71 mm thick sheets were welded. It was found that the rang of optimal parameters, that ensures high quality joints, is very narrow, and the surface preparation method of edges to be welded and also the gap between the edges has distinct influence on the joint quality.