The synthesis methods of the following titanium-silicalite catalysts: TS-1, Ti-Beta and Ti-MWW were presented. The results of the analyses of the catalysts by XRD, SEM and IR, UV-vis methods were also shown. A brief description of the catalytic performances of these catalysts in the oxidation process of olefins, alkenes, alcohols and aromatic compounds was presented.
The results of 1-butene-3-ol (1B3O) epoxidation over the titanium silicalite catalysts: TS-1, Ti-Beta, Ti-MCM-41 has been presented. The optimal parameters obtained for the individual catalyst were compared. The main functions describing the process were: the selectivity of transformation to 1,2-epoxy-3-butanol (1,2E3B) in relation to 1B3O consumed, the conversions of 1B3O and hydrogen peroxide and the selectivity of the transformation to organic compounds in relation to the H2O2 consumed. The main product of the epoxidation process was 1,2-epoksy-3-butanol, the chemical compounds having a lot of applications.
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The results of the epoxidation of methallyl chloride (MAC) have been presented. The epoxidation was carried out in the autoclave with 30 wt % hydrogen peroxide in the presence of methanol as the solvent. Titanium silicalite Ti-Beta was used as the catalyst. The influence of the following parameters: temperature (20 - 120°C), the molar ratio of MAC/H2O2 (1:1-5:1 mol/mol), solvent concentration (methanol 5-90 wt %), catalyst concentration (0.1 - 5.0 wt %) and the reaction time ( 0.5 - 5 h ) on the yield and the selectivity of transformation to 2-methylepichlorohydrine and methallyl chloride conversion was investigated. The main product of the epoxidation was 2-methylepichlorohydrine, whereas 1-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-propanodiol was formed as a by-product.
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The epoxidation of methallyl alcohol (MAA) to 2-methylglycidol was carried out with 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide in an autoclave. The titanium silicalite catalyst Ti-Beta was used as a catalyst and methanol as a solvent. The effect of temperature (20- 120°C), the molar ratio MAA/H2O2 (1:1 - 5:1), methanol concentration (5 - 80 wt%), Ti-Beta concentration (0.1 - 2.0 wt%) and reaction time (0.5 - 5.0h) were studied. The optimum parameters were: temperature 100"C, the molar ratio MAA/H2O2 = 1:1, methanol concentration 5 wt%, Ti-Beta concentration 0.1 wt% and reaction time 0.5h.
Use of the clathrating compounds and the synthesis methods of the following titanium-silicalite catalysts: TS-1, TS-2, TS-48, ETS-10, [Al,Ti]-BETA were presented. A brief description of their catalytic performance in the oxidation process of olefins, alkanes, alcohols and aromatic compounds was reported. The results of analyses of the catalysts by IR, UV-VIS, XRD, 13C NMR, SEM, TG and DTG methods were also presented. Further directions of our works over the synthesis of titanium-silicalite catalysts and their utilization in the epoxidation processes of the olefine compounds (allyl alcohol, methallyl alcohol, methallyl chloride) and in the hydroxylation of phenol have been discussed. A potential application of obtained products was presented and the possibilities of implementation of developed, low-tonnage technologies of these compounds in Poland were discussed.
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The epoxidation of allyl alcohol by a 30% hydrogen peroxide over Ti-BETA catalyst has been investigated. Two types of solvents: aprotic (acetone) and protic (methanol) were used in the studies. The optimum conditions were found for the epoxidation of allyl alcohol in the presence of acetone and methanol. The effect of the temperature (20 - 120°C), the molar ratio AA/H2O2 (1 - 10:1 mol/mol), solvent concentration (10 - 80 wt %), catalyst concentration (0.1 - 2.0 wt %) and reaction time (1 - 8 h) were studied. The optimum parameters were: temperature 20°C, the molar ratio of AA/H0 = 1, catalyst concentration 0.5 wt %, reaction time lh but the solvent concentration in the reaction mixture was different and amounted to 40 wt % for acetone and 80 wt % for methanol.
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