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EN
The aim of the work is to analyze violations of social regulation in road freight transport and to propose solutions to prevent these violations. In the first part, we devoted ourselves to the processing of knowledge about road freight transport based on the legislation of the European Union, which is directly oriented to the conditions for the operator of road freight transport with vehicles over 3.5-tons of total weight. Since compliance with the rules also comes with their violations, it is also necessary to consider the traffic accident rate in road freight transport, we specifically identified and compared the traffic accident rate in road freight transport based on traffic accident statistics published on the website of the Ministry of the Interior. In the second part, we gradually processed and evaluated a questionnaire survey, which consisted of questions focused on the violation of social legislation by drivers. In the final part of the work, based on the analysis from the first part of the work and the results from the questionnaire survey in the second part, we proposed solutions to prevent the most frequent violations of social legislation by drivers and carriers.
EN
The dynamic loads acting on passengers during road accidents depend not only on the vehicle structure, but also on the properties of the applied passenger and driver protection system. Two-point seat belts are the most frequently used personal protection system for adult passengers in bus vehicles. The paper investigates the thread of dynamic loads acting on the body of a 50 percentile dummy placed in an armchair equipped with two-point seat belts. In order to solve this problem, tests recorded with the Phantom v310 camera were used, the object of which was the Hybrid II 50th dummy, and the recording of the tests was carried out for three different collision speeds. The article presents the results of the crash tests obtained with the use of the TEMA Automotive program. Crash test analysis showing the displacement of the head and upper torso of the dummy located in the limited space between the bus-type seats indicates that standard seat belts do not provide sufficient protection. The article indicates the basis for further research and improvement of the personal protection system of passengers transported in minibuses and buses.
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