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Flood hazard susceptibility areas mapping using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR) and AHP-FR ensemble based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS): a case study for Kastamonu, Türkiye

Yilmaz Osman Salih

Acta Geophysica

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2022

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Vol. 70, no 6

2747--2769

EN

Global climate change brings with it various natural disasters. In particular, natural disasters such as foods destroy nature and human resources. The food disaster in Kastamonu province, primarily striking Bozkurt district and many other districts in Türkiye on August 11, 2021, causing both life and material losses, has been one of the most devastating disasters in the Black Sea region. In this study, various geospatial and statistical methods were used to produce food hazard susceptibility maps of Kastamonu province. In order to evaluate the food risk in Kastamonu, eleven different variables, i.e. rainfall, slope, elevation, distance from stream, land-use-land cover, lithology, curvature plan, curvature profile, Topographic Wetness Index, Stream Power Index and Normalised Differences Vegetation Index were used. Flooded areas were determined by the Modified Normalised Water Index (MNDWI) on the Google Earth Engine platform using Remote Sensing techniques. Flood points determined on the calculated MNDWI image are divided into 70% training and 30% testing dataset. Geographical Information Systems-based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR), and ensemble AHP-FR were used in the creation of food hazard susceptibility maps. The maps were divided into five classes: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. On the map classified using AHP-FR, areas in high and very high sensitivity classes were calculated as 128.72 km2 and 6.89 km2 , respectively. These calculated areas constitute 0.99% and 0.05% of the entire region. On the other hand, part of Kastamonu province with an area of 484.07 km2 was determined as a moderate-risk area. This area covers 3.71% of the entire province. The remaining part of the province, with an area of 8729.39 km2 and 3697.30 km2 , is classified as very low and low, respectively. These areas cover 66.91% and 28.34% of the entire province, respectively. The study’s accuracy was tested using the receiver operating characteristic curves method. Area under curve values for AHP, FR, and AHP-FR were calculated as 0.965, 0.989, and 0.992, respectively. According to these values, using the AHP-FR ensemble gave more successful results than the other two methods.

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Coordinate transformation using the author’s software in GIS class system – case study

Sokoła-Szewioła Violetta, Poniewiera Marian, Mierzejowska Aleksandra

Geoinformatica Polonica

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2021

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T. 20

7--19

EN

In order to implement the provisions of the INSPIRE Directive, it is necessary for the Member States of the European Union to take appropriate measures to enable combining in a uniform manner spatial data deriving from different sources and sharing use of them by many users and many applications. Spatial data regarding underground hard coal mining in Poland should also be available in the national spatial reference system. Mining enterprises run a cartographic resource in the different rectangular flat coordinate systems. The standard transformation procedure does not provide the required accuracy because these are areas affected by mining activity, and the stability of points is limited, hence, studies were undertaken. The result is the development of software that can be used in Geographic Information Systems to transform spatial data from a system used in mine to the national system. The article described shortly a chosen coordinates systems used in Polish underground mines, elaborated procedure for selection of the degree and the type of a transformation polynomial in the transformation task. It presents its practical application of procedure for the area of one of hard coal mines using the author’s software elaborated in the results of above-mentioned research.

PL

W celu realizacji postanowień dyrektywy INSPIRE konieczne jest podjęcie przez państwa członkowskie Unii Europejskiej odpowiednich działań umożliwiających łączenie w sposób jednolity danych przestrzennych pochodzących z różnych źródeł i współdzielenie ich przez wielu użytkowników i wiele aplikacji. Dane przestrzenne dotyczące podziemnego wydobycia węgla kamiennego w Polsce powinny być również dostępne w krajowym układzie odniesień przestrzennych. Przedsiębiorstwa górnicze prowadzą zasób kartograficzny w lokalnych prostokątnych płaskich układach współrzędnych. Standardowa procedura przekształceń nie zapewnia wymaganej dokładności, ze względu na to, że są to tereny objęte działalnością górniczą, a stabilność punktów jest ograniczona, dlatego podjęto badania. Efektem końcowym jest opracowanie oprogramowania, które można wykorzystać w Systemach Informacji Geograficznej do przekształcania danych przestrzennych z systemu używanego w kopalni do systemu krajowego. W artykule opisano pokrótce wybrane układy współrzędnych stosowane w polskich kopalniach podziemnych, opracowaną procedurę doboru stopnia i rodzaju wielomianu transformacji w zadaniu transformacji. Przedstawiono praktyczne zastosowanie procedury na terenie jednej z kopalń węgla kamiennego z wykorzystaniem autorskiego oprogramowania opracowanego w wynikach powyższych badań.

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Oszacowanie zasobów kompleksu wodonośnego za pomocą modelu numerycznego

Książyński K. W.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Środowisko

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2002

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R. 99, z. 2-Ś

165--173

EN

Traditional methodology used for estimation of groundwater resources is based on hydrological methods. Application of numerical aquifer models enables to extend it with full water balance in the catchment. The balance makes possible the verification of coordination of various measurement data. This connected with calibration of hydrogeological parameters such as superficial replenishment or transmissivity of aquifer that can also be accomplished with numerical model. The utilizing of computer allows for taking into account of complex hydrogeological schemes as well as for easy calculation of local and regional dynamic and potential resources. Estimation of exploitational resources requires already the dynamical formulation including their relation with surface water resources. Aquifer model prrepared in such a way can become a foundation for simple linear models of groundwater drawdown impact on groundwater gaining stream. They can be utilized then in modeling of catchment water resources.