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1 2011

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Terzyk A.P., Kruszka B., Wiśniewski M.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2011

[Z] 65, 1-2

111-134

In this study we describe the methods of preparation of a new class of carbon nanotubes i.e. pure and highly organized materials: carbon nanotube forests [3, 5]. High yield of this new method is caused by an increase in catalytic activity and life of used catalysts mainly due to an addition of steam to the reaction. The assistance of steam during the synthesis (the method is called "Super Growth Chemical Vapor Deposition"[3, 5]) leads to SWNTs forests having the height up to 4.0 mm. Such result is 100 times better in terms of efficiency than the previously reported records. Such synthesized, aligned materials are extremely high, super-highly dense and vertical-standing [Figs 2–4]. Moreover, this method leads to the purest SWNT material (over 99.98%) ever made. SWNTs are very easily separable from the catalysts and could be used without further purification. Highly efficient growth of SWNTs and DWNTs forests on conducting metal foils is also discussed. It is shown that such foils made of Ni-based alloys with Cr or Fe are excellent materials for the synthesis [3, 5, Fig. 3]. Under conditions where steam is added predominantly SWNTs (having the diameter 2.8 nm) are formed. Synthesis with an addition of oxygencontaining aromatics as growth enhancers is also described [figs. 16,17]. These enhancers caused the grow of CNTs having different diameters and wall numbers under identical reaction conditions. Creation of double-walled carbon nanotubes with populations as high as 84% and with the average size of 5.4 nm is possible with an insertion of methyl-benzoate. The creation of multi-walled CNTs is possible with an addition of benzaldehyde [9, Fig. 16].