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Correct concrete load-bearing capacity and time limitations for the automatic implementation of monolithic reinforced ceilings

Więckowski Andrzej

Archives of Civil Engineering

2021

Vol. 67, nr 3

687--703

Digital control, 3D technique and new materials show great potential in the automation of construction processes. Simultaneously releasing humans from hard physical labour come improvements of quality of workmanship and better resource and time management. In normal construction, vertical elements are erected robotically and horizontal (ceiling) elements are prefabricated. The “Stroptronic” technology presented here, tries to improve on that, introducing a “Just In Time” sequence of events on-site. The robot arranges all materials into a cycle and forms a monolithic, reinforced ceiling slab, sliding on a conveyor and rollers during the primary bonding of concrete. The concrete, based on a quick-setting cement composed with calcium sulfo-aluminate (CSA); ensures the ceiling early self-bearing capacity thanks to its high early strength (over 20 MPa, 1.5 hours after mixing). The robot constantly introduces reinforcements, prepares and extrudes the concrete mix, moving in a direction perpendicular to the ceiling span. Along with the robot, the conveyor and the rollers move slowly under the ceiling, providing continuous support to the bonding concrete over a distance of about 1 m, i.e. until it reaches self-bearing capacity in the cross-section between the supports. Tests of the concrete with CSA are hereby produced, progress in bonding materials is analysed, along with results of testing load-bearing capacity of a section with composite inserts (main bars - steel, distribution bars - fibreglass. Results and conclusions follow.