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2 2013

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Preliminary remarks on enigmatic "white casing limestone" from Saqqara archaeological site in Egypt

Welc F, Malata E., Marks L., Studencka B., Olszewska B.

Studia Quaternaria

2013

Vol. 30, Nr 2

115--123

Saqqara is one of the famous archaeological sites in the world. There is the oldest stone pyramid built by pharaoh Djoser from the Third Dynasty (around 4600 yrs BP). The components of his funerary complex were constructed of a characteristic creamish-white limestone of relatively great solidity, connected in archaeological literature with the white casing limestone from Saqqara. A source of this stone has remained so far a mystery. An extensive geological survey and other research has failed to identify any outcrops of such limestone in the vicinity of Saqqara. Preliminary results of examination of fossils from relevant rock samples of the white Saqqara limestone are presented, supplemented with discussion of current opinions concerning its origin and probable stratigraphic setting.

Non-destructive methods for evaluation of the state of preservation in historical stone monuments: the case study of the Step Pyramid in Saqqara

Kukela A, Seglins V

Studia Quaternaria

2013

Vol. 30, Nr 2

109--114

This study aims to facilitate visual interpretation of the photo documentation data by evaluation of the 3D model of the Step Pyramid of Djoser using MicroStation V8i software. The integration of the data into the 3D model allowed to make number of conclusions regarding the structure of the Step Pyramid, potential threats to its stability, stone material used for the construction of the pyramid and differences in quality of the mortar applied. The results of this study denote high potential of this methodology for its application in preliminary studies of stone monuments on Memphite necropolis area to contribute the elaboration of future preservation and conservation strategy.