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Study of Downward Smoldering Combustion in Polyurethane Foams

Mishra D. P., Verma A.

Archivum Combustionis

2009

Vol. 29 nr 3-4

73-81

A study of downward smoldering combustion in polyurethane foams is carried out in a realistic experimental model with a terrycot cloth wrapped around the foam material which is widely used in household upholstered furniture. Measurements are performed for the smolder reaction temperature and velocity as a function of time and location of the smolder zone in the sample. Three distinct zones in terms of smoldering velocity are identified during the smoldering process. The first one is the low smoldering velocity zone occurring at the top followed by the middle velocity zone and the last is the high velocity zone. Based on the observations made on the smoldering velocity the parameters responsible for the self propagation of the smoldering reaction have been explored. A comparison has also been made between the temperature profiles of the smoldering zone between thin and thick cloth wrapping foam cases. Interestingly it was found that the smoldering rate in the thin cloth wrapped foam case was higher as compared to the thick cloth wrapped foam.