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A redescription of Tesseraspis mosaica Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1983 (Vertebrata: †Pteraspidomorphi: Heterostraci) from the Lochkovian (Lower Devonian) of Severnaya Zemlya, Russia, with a review of tessellated heterostracan taxa

Blieck A., Elliott D. K., Karatajūtė-Talimaa V. N.

Acta Geologica Polonica

2018

Vol. 68, no. 3

275--306

Material of tesseraspids (Tesseraspidiformes) is reported from the uppermost Severnaya Zemlya Formation (Lochkovian, Lower Devonian) of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, in the Russian Arctic, where it is associated with other vertebrate remains, including corvaspids, acanthodians, and large but rare specimens of osteostracans. The tesseraspid material is not abundant, and most often preserved as a “patchwork” of bony platelets (tesserae), except for a few partly articulated specimens. We redescribe the holotype of Tesseraspis mosaica Karatajūtė-Talimaa, 1983, whose head carapace is preserved as a flattened tube of adjacent tesserae. This material is compared to the already published tesseraspid taxa, i.e., T. tessellata Wills, 1935, T. toombsi Tarlo, 1964, T. mutabilis (Brotzen, 1934), T. oervigi Tarlo, 1964 emend. Dineley and Loeffler, 1976, T. denisoni Tarlo, 1964, and T. talimaae Tarlo, 1965. All species are based upon rare and incomplete material, as no head carapaces associated with trunk and tail are known, and so, the intraspecific variability is also unknown. Distinction between “species” is based on the detail of the superficial sculpture of the tesserae of the head carapaces, which is unsatisfactory. It is concluded that only four of the nominal species can be retained. A review of all other known tessellated pteraspidomorphs indicates that our knowledge of tessellated heterostracans is currently insufficient to support a meaningful classification.

The exoskeleton of Ungulaspis and Ateleaspis (Osteostraci, Agnatha) from the Lower Devonian of Severnaya Zemlya, Russia

Afanass'eva O.

Acta Geologica Polonica

1999

Vol. 49, no. 2

119-123

The fragments of osteostracan exoskeleton from the Lover Devonian Severnaya Zemlya Formation of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, viz., Ungulaspis arctoa AFANASSIEVA & KARATAJUTE-TALIMAA, 1998 and Ateleaspis sp., were studied. The structure of the exoskeleton of non-tremataspid osteostracans was investigated by SEM for the first time. A reconstruction of the structure of the Ungulaspis arctoa exoskeleton is suggested. Because of the poorer preservation of the Ateleaspis sp., only preliminary observations on the thin structure of its exoskeleton could be made. The forms under investigation are characterized by a similar type of sculpture on the surface of the shied (small tubercles) and on the body scales (thin crests). Some similarities in the structure of their shield exoskeleton (the presence of distinctly expressed tesserae, the presence of radiating canals, the probable absence of perforated septa and pore fields) were indicated. Ungulaspis arctoa is remarkable in the possessing macromorphological features typical of both the Ateleaspis- and Scolenaspis-like osteostracans. This similarity in the structure of exoskeleton of the investigated forms provides additional evidence in support of the affinity of these groups of osteostracans and their possible origin from common ancestors.