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Priorytety Europejskiej Agencji Kosmicznej w obszarze geodezji do 20235 roku

Sośnica Krzysztof

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2024

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R. 96, nr 2

15--18

PL

Europejska Agencja Kosmiczna planuje zrealizować w najbliższych latach szereg przedsięwzięć, które będą miały kluczowe znaczenie dla geodezji. Działania te obejmują finalizację budowy systemu Galileo pierwszej generacji, a także wyniesienie pierwszych satelitów drugiej generacji, budowę systemu wspierającego pozycjonowanie i nawigację LEO-PNT, misję GENESIS integrującą cztery techniki obserwacyjne geodezji kosmicznej, a także misję Moonlight, która umożliwi nie tylko pozycjonowanie na Księżycu, lecz także pozwoli połączyć układy odniesienia ziemskie z tymi księżycowymi. Ponadto ze środków europejskich zostaną sfinansowane misje teledetekcyjne i altimetryczne Sentinel w ramach programu Copernicus oraz grawimetryczne, takie jak MAGIC. Niniejszy artykuł podsumowuje przyszłe europejskie misje satelitarne, które będą miały fundamentalne znaczenie w zakresie geodezyjnych badań Ziemi.

EN

The European Space Agency plans to implement a number of projects in the coming years that will be of key importance for geodesy. These activities include the finalization of the first generation of the Galileo system, as well as the launch of the first second generation satellites, the construction of the LEO-PNT positioning and navigation supporting system, the GENESIS mission integrating four space geodesy observation techniques, as well as the Moonlight mission, which will enable not only astronauts to position on the Moon, but will also allow us to connect terrestrial and lunar reference systems. In addition, European funds will allow for the future remote sensing and altimetry missions Sentinel under the Copernicus program and gravimetric missions, such as MAGIC. This article summarizes future European satellite missions that will be of fundamental importance in the field of Earth geodetic research.

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Mapping and Assessment of Geological Lineaments with the Contribution of Earth Observation Data: A Case Study of the Zaer Granite Massif, Western Moroccan Meseta

Zoraa Noura, Raji Mohammed, El Hadi Hassan, Maimouni Soufiane, Mhamdi Hicham, Reddad Aicha, Zahour Ghalem, Ait-Yazza Achraf

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 17, no. 5

107--144

EN

The Zaer granitic massif is one of the most important Variscan granitoids in the Central Zone of the Western Moroccan Meseta. It is characterized by a deformation which is manifested by a network of fractures of different scales. Thanks to the technology currently available, many geological studies rely heavily on the mapping of geological lineaments, especially in structural geology. This has become more reliable with access to earth observation data using optical and radar sensors as well as the various remote sensing techniques. Therefore, the objective of this work is to determine the potential of Landsat 8, ASTER, Sentinel 2 and radar Sentinel 1 datasets using the automatic method to extract lineaments. Furthermore, this work focuses on quantitative lineament analysis to determine lineament trends and subsequently compare them with global and regional tectonic movement trends. The lineaments obtained through different satellite images were validated by including the shaded relief maps, the slope map, the correlation with the pre-existing faults in the geological maps as well as the field investigation. Comparison of these results indicates that Sentinel 1 imagery provides a better correlation between automated extraction lineaments and major fault zones. Thus, Sentinel 1 data is more effective in mapping geological lineaments. The final lineament map obtained from the VH and VV polarizations shows two major fault systems, mainly oriented NE-SW and NW-SE to NNW-SSE.

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Land Cover Changes and Impacts of Massive Siltation on the Mangrove Segara Anakan Lagoon System, Cilacap Indonesia

Ardli Erwin Riyanto, Yuwono Edy, Purwanto Anang Dwi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 7

29--41

EN

Changing coastal zones in Indonesia, such as coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves, have an impact on tropical ecosystems. Excessive exploitation and sedimentation, in particular, have threatened the mangrove at Segara Anakan Cilacap. In order to evaluate temporal land cover changes and the impact of high siltation on the Segara Anakan lagoon system in Cilacap, Indonesia, a research was conducted. The land cover data from SPOT 4 was available in 2008, and the Sentinel-2A data was available in 2019. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to enhance the Macro Class with supervised classification utilizing Maximum Likelihood techniques. Mangroves and water bodies declined between 2009 and 2019, whereas settlements and farmland areas increased, according to this study. In the western part of Segara Anakan, extensive siltation altered the biomass, structure, and composition of mangrove vegetation. At high sedimented habitats, Acanthus and Derris dominate, followed by Nypa. The changes in land cover and land use had an impact on socioeconomic factors. Decreases in water bodies and mangrove areas, as well as an increase in farmland, were significantly linked to a shift in society’s livelihoods from fishermen to farmers. The destruction of mangrove habitats in the Segara Anakan has been accelerated by anthropogenic activity and population pressure. Because this sensitive environment is constantly threatened by anthropogenic activity and climate change, effective management of the Segara Anakan Lagoon mangrove ecosystem is important for its long-term viability.

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Influence of YARN schedulers on power consumption and processing time for various big data benchmarks

Drypczewski Krzysztof, Proficz Jerzy, Stepnowski Andrzej

TASK Quarterly : scientific bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk

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2018

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Vol. 22, No 4

303--312

EN

Climate change caused by human activities can influence the lives of everybody on the planet. The environmental concerns must be taken into consideration by all fields of study includingICT. Green Computing aims to reduce negative effects of IT on the environment while, at the same time, maintaining all of the possible benefits it provides. Several Big Data platforms like Apache Spark or YARN have become widely used in analytics and High-Performance Computing systems due to the reliability and usability of Map Reduce implementations. The authors research the power consumption and energy efficiency of Hadoop YARN schedulers using Apache Spark under three different workloads. The test cases include: sorting large binary files,counting unique words in large text files and processing satellite imagery from the Sentinel-2mission. The presented results show small (2%–11%) but distinct differences in the power consumption of FIFO and FAIR schedulers.

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Mapping South Baltic near-shore bathymetry using sentinel-2 observations

Chybicki A.

Polish Maritime Research

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2017

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nr 3

15--25

EN

One of the most promising new applications of remote observation satellite systems (RO) is the near-shore bathymetry estimation based on spaceborn multispectral imageries. In recent years, many experiments aiming to estimate bathymetry in optically shallow water with the use of remote optical observations have been presented. In this paper, optimal models of satellite derived bathymetry (SDB) for relatively turbid waters of the South Baltic Sea were presented. The obtained results were analysed in terms of depth error estimation, spatial distribution, and overall quality. The models were calibrated based on sounding (in-situ) data obtained by a single-beam echo sounder, which was retrieved from the Maritime Office in Gdynia, Poland. The remote observations for this study were delivered by the recently deployed European Space Agency Sentinel-2 satellite observation system. A detailed analysis of the obtained results has shown that the tested methods can be successfully applied for the South Baltic region at depths of 12-18 meters. However, significant limitations were observed. The performed experiments have revealed that the error of model calibration, expressed in meters (RMSE), equals up to 10-20% of the real depth and is, generally, case dependent. To overcome this drawback, a novel indicator of determining the maximal SDB depth was proposed. What is important, the proposed SDB quality indicator is derived only on the basis of remotely registered data and therefore can be applied operationally.

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Coastline change-detection method using remote sensing satellite observation data

Markiewicz Ł., Mazurek P., Chybicki A.

Hydroacoustics

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2016

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Vol. 19

277—284

EN

Coastal zones are not only the fundaments for local economics based on trade, shipping and transport services, but also a source of food, energy, and resources. Apart from offering diverse opportunities for recreation and tourism, coastal zones provide protection against storms and other meteorological disturbances. Environmental information is also essential because of the direct influence on a country’s maritime zones, which are territorial sea and exclusive economic zones. Keeping local communities and ecosystems healthy requires monitoring and assessing of all the vital changes of territorial sea and its baseline. The paper presents a method and a concept of a system that provides an efficient means of automatic analysis of spatial data provided by satellite observation systems (optical Landsat 8 and SAR Sentinel 1) in order to monitor, and detect, changes in the coastline. The proposed methodology is based on a set of algorithms that enable one to trace and detect changes in coastline shape, and eventual damage to marine infrastructure, such as breakwaters and harbours, relying on high resolution satellite observational products.