Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

Ograniczanie wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 2

Liczba wyników na stronie

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych: SWEP

Sortuj według:

Ogranicz wyniki do:

The concept of a methodology for assessment of programmes of measures in implementation of the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC

Walczykiewicz T., Biedroń I.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

2014

Vol. 2, Iss. 2

15--22

This article presents the concept of the methodology for assessing the implementation of programmes of measures adopted in the State Water and Environmental Programme, and, in consequence, in the framework of the first water management plans for river basin districts in Poland, as approved by the Council of Ministers on 22nd February, 2011, and published in the official journals. The scope of work in the methodology concept primarily concerns two basic analyses: assessment of the accomplishment of programmes of measures with regard to the degree of their accomplishment, and assessment of the effectiveness of scheduled programmes of measures. The level of accomplishment should be understood as the quantitative status of progress of particular measures, whereas effectiveness means their direct or indirect impact on the achievement of environmental goals of the Water Framework Directive. For this purpose, for some of the measures databases and reports existing in institutions responsible for the performance of measures indicated in the SWEP were used. For the rest of the measures, the survey method was used. For the purpose of the surveying process, the preparation of appropriate matrixes with measures marked for institutions, and also of email address databases, were proposed. Also, identifiers serving to link answers with specific areas on maps that trace measures were proposed. The present and forecast situation concerning reporting in the scope of the WFD and other tasks connected with it in the field of environmental protection leads to the conclusion that the coordination of reporting at the state level and the improvement of the flow of information between interested institutions is necessary.

Giełdy energii elektrycznej w krajach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej

Motowidlak T.

Archiwum Energetyki

2011

T. 41, nr 1

39-58

Artykuł poświęcony jest roli giełd energii w procesie tworzenia jednolitego rynku energii elektrycznej UE. Proces ten został zainicjowany Dyrektywą 96/92/UE, a następnie wzmocniony Dyrektywą 2003/54/UE. Giełdy energii elektrycznej tworzą bowiem warunki dla obrotu opartego na zasadach wolnej konkurencji. Oprócz klasycznego segmentu towarowego coraz więcej giełd ilązy do uruchomienia segmentu finansowego oraz segmentu usług systemowych. Ten pierwszy daje uczestnikom rynku możliwość konstruowania narzędzi hedgingowych, co ma niebagatelne Znaczenie w obliczu otwarcia rynku, drugi zaś związany jest ze specyfiką energii elektrycznej jako towaru. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja funkcjonujących w Europie giełd energii elektrycznej. Ich charakterystyka obejmuje m.in. rolę, jaką odgrywają one w krajowym (lub regionalnym) obrocie energią elektryczną oraz portfel oferowanych produktów. Zaprezentowano ewolucję tych parametrów w okresie 2002-2005. Proces tworzenia giełd w poszczególnych państwach połączono z krajowymi harmonogramami liberalizacji rynków energii elektrycznej.

The paper presents the role played by energy exchanges in the process of building homogenous European electricity market. This process was begun by Directive No 96/92/EC and than strengthened by Directive No 2003/54/EC. The energy exchanges make conditions for competitive turnover of electricity. Apart of the classic commodity section more exchanges are going to open financial section and section of system services. The first gives the market participants the possibility to build hedging strategies what is important due to the market and the second is connected with the fact that electricity is a specific commodity. In the paper all European energy exchanges have been presented. Their presentation contains part played by them in domestic or regional turnover of electricity and the portfolio of offered products. The changes of those parameters in the period 2002-2005 have been shown. The opening of energy exchanges has been connected with the domestic timetables of electricity markets liberalisation.