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1 2025

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Hydrological modeling with SWAT: A case study of Shahpur catchment

Shabir Muhammad Husnain, Shakoor Abdul, Hafeez Imran

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

2025

Vol. 13, Iss. 1

20--39

In this study, the hydrology of Shahpur catchment is modeled to calculate the hydrological discharge of Shahpur Dam and to establish the water balance component using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Shahpur catchment is located on the Nandana River basin in Pakistan, about 45 km from Islamabad and 8 km north of Fateh Jang. The Arc SWAT 2012 version 10.5.24, which was created for Arc Map 10.5, was used to delineate the study area and its sub-components, combine the data layers, and edit the model database and SWAT CUP SUFI2 algorithm for calibration and validation.. Calibration from 2000-2004 and validation from 2006-2010 employed historic daily flow data and climatic data collected from the Shahpur Dam site office and Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) Islamabad. Based on literature reviews, 11 parameters with stronger influence on runoff were chosen. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and root-mean-square/standard deviation ratio (RSR) were used as statistical indicators. Results indicated satisfactory agreement between measured and simulated discharge values at yearly and monthly scales, demonstrating robust performance during both calibration (R2 = 0.95) and validation (R2 = 0.82) periods. The findings support the applicability of the model for effective watershed management in Shahpur based on favorable indicators and comparative outcomes.