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1 Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

1 2024

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The effects of cutting speed and change in cutting tool materials on surface roughness in bone-cutting procedures

Sawangsri W., Addepalli P., Ghani S.A.C.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2024

Vol. 126, nr 1

34--41

Purpose: Surface roughness is a reliable indicator of bone cell damage in bone-cutting processes. This novel study investigates the effects of spindle speed, feed rate, and cutting tool materials on milling artificial bone specimens. Design/methodology/approach: Since bone cutting is an orthogonal cutting technique, bone machining was carried out using the milling process. As per the requirements of the objectives, four milling cuts were carried out across each workpiece using two different materials-based customized cutting tools, SS316 and ZrO2. The machining parameters used were 0.03 mm/tooth feed rate, 900 m/min and 1000 m/min cutting speed and 1.3 mm depth of cut. Surface roughness was measured in two parameters, Ra and Rz, for each machined cut from SS316 and novel ZrO2 tools. Findings: At 1000 m/mm, SS316-based cutting recorded a maximum cutting temperature of 39°C. With increased cutting speed, Ra values from both cutting tools were raised. While Rz values were unstable in 900 m/mm cuttings, they steadily increased with the rise in cutting speed. ZrO2-based cutting at 900 m/mm speed produced the maximum groove possible, measuring 9.487 mm, the closest to the tool's 9.5 mm diameter. Experiment results demonstrate that increasing cutting speed has little impact on Ra values, but it generates uniformity in Rz, which leads to minimal surface roughness. In conclusion, ZrO2-based cuttings have shown proper uniformity in Rz values against SS316. Research limitations/implications: Further experiments based on changes in cutting tool materials, cutting parameters, and types of cutting tools will provide enough data to introduce ceramic tools in bone-cutting procedures. Originality/value: The novelty of the study is the introduction of a customized ZrO2 ceramic-based cutting tool for bone-cutting procedures.