Modelowanie obiektów magazynowych, tj. badanie ich właściwości za pomocą uproszczonego odpowiednika – modelu, jest jednym z możliwych sposobów dążenia do poprawy jakości i ceny oferowanych usług. W artykule przedstawiono cele modelowania obiektów magazynowych oraz wymagania stawiane modelom matematycznym je odwzorowującym. Kolejny punkt poświęcono modelowaniu procesów magazynowych. Zaprezentowano procedurę modelowania procesów magazynowych. Przedstawiono także koncepcję modelu optymalizacji procesów magazynowych. Proponowany model matematyczny odzwierciedla strukturę fizyczną, funkcjonalną i potencjał obsługowy magazynu dowolnego typu oraz umożliwia odwzorowanie różnych procesów magazynowych i strategii ich realizacji.
EN
Modelling of storage facilities is one of possible ways to improve the quality and price of offered services. The article presents goals of modelling warehouse objects and the requirements for mathematical models that map them. A procedure for modelling warehouse processes is presented. The concept of storage optimization model was also presented. The proposed mathematical model reflects the physical, functional and service potential of any type of warehouse, and enables mapping of various warehouse processes and strategies for their implementation.
The facility location problem is a popular issue in the literature. The current development of world economies and globalization of the market requires continuous improvement of methods and research in this field. The location of the object determines the time of transport, affects the operational costs of the supply chain, and determines the possible amount of inventory or minimum inventory levels. These are critical issues from the point of view of designing an effective logistics system. The degree of complexity of current decision-making problems requires the construction of mathematical models and support for the decision-maker by optimization and simulation methods. A comprehensive and systemic approach to the problem allows the effective planning of supply chains. The purpose of this article was to study the sensitivity of the warehouse location problem in the supply chain. The solution was obtained based on the methodology developed under the SIMMAG3D project. The article presents the characteristics of the issue of the location of warehouse objects, the mathematical formulation of the solved problem of location and the method of its solution based on the heuristic algorithm using the modification of the Busacker-Gowen method. Then, a supply chain simulation model was developed in the FLEXSIM environment and scenario studies were performed for various input data and model parameters. The analysis and assessment of the solution based on parameters such as utilization of the potential of warehouse objects object were presented. Random change in demand described by Erlang distribution and normal distribution was considered. The analysis showed how the selection of a statistical distribution to describe the input data can affect the shape of the logistics system. The article ends with a summary of considerations and a plan for further research in the use of the simulation environment to support the decision-making process of the location of storage facilities and the functioning of supply chains.
Designing of storage facilities is an interdisciplinary process that requires consideration of technical, economic, social or environmental issues. Storage facilities, as a part of supply chain are designed to provide customers availability of goods at a certain time, quantity and place. This involves the functions resulting therefrom, such as storage, sorting, picking, packing, etc. The efficiency of processes in the supply chains is strongly influenced by the location and shape of the storage facilities that are critical components. These issues are multi-threaded, and they are subject of an iterative approach in which information tools are playing a special role. One of such tool is the SIMMAG3D system. It is a system for modelling and visualization in 3D of warehouse facilities, which was built based on developed mathematical models, computational algorithms and functional dependencies necessary for the designing of storage facilities. It also takes into account the different types of warehouses and design methodologies as well as the location of warehouses in the logistic network. The article presents the elements of the SIMMAG3D system and characterizes its functional capabilities. It has been pointed out that one of the key elements of the system is the module for 3D visualization of storage facilities. In addition, an example of the visualizer operation on real data concerning one of the FMCG storage facility is provided.
The basis of each IT system is data exchange both between individual modules of program and between program and user. The number of exchanged data and the number of operations on the data, which should be performed, require application of professional tools allowing for collecting and performing operations on multiple types of data. One of these tools are databases, which are an essential part of any IT system. With database designing are connected many decision problems which can occur both during the construction of database management system and at the stage of integration of entire user application with developed database. The article presents typical decision problems connected with designing of databases. These problems mainly concern sphere of information technology (including the programming language or recovery mechanism of database after the failure). Database architecture for typical IT system from the point of view possible paths for users were discussed, and role of catalogues played in development of database were presented. In addition, modular structure of the database, which was developed for the system SIMMAG3D for modelling and visualization of warehouse facilities in 3D was shown. This system is being developed under a project financed by the National Centre for Research and Development. We discussed in detail one of the essential elements in developed database - catalogues of means of external and internal transport, non-mechanical equipment and accessories which are essential from the point of view of the work load.
W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę łańcuchów dostaw na płaszczyźnie dystrybucyjno handlowej. W zależności od obszaru działania, wykorzystywanych elementów oraz stosowanych środków transportowych wyróżniono ujęcie międzynarodowe, krajowe, a także łańcuch dostaw na obszarze zurbanizowanym. Zaprezentowano każdy z powyższych typów, a także scharakteryzowano jego funkcje i elementy. W artykule przedstawiono również typy środków transportowych oraz charakterystykę ich działania w zależności od realizowanego zadania. Niniejsza praca powstała w ramach projektu SIMMAG3D finansowanego z NCBR.
EN
The article presents characteristic of supply chains in trade-distribution area. Depending on the scope of operation, used elements and used means of transport were recognized international, national, and supply chain in urbanized area. In article were presented each of the above types, and characteristics of its features and elements. The paper also presents different types of vehicles and their characteristics depending on task. This work was made under the project SIMMAG3D funded by the NCBR.
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