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1 2004

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Semifluorowane alkany (SFA) - właściwości w ciele stałym, roztworach i na granicach międzyfazowych

Broniatowski M., Dynarowicz-Łątka P.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2004

[Z] 58, 7-8

535-569

Semifluorinated n-alkanes (SFA), of the general formula F(CF2)m-(CH2)nH (abbreviated as FmHn) consist of a linear hydrocarbon segment linked to a fluorocarbon chain. These two units are highly incompatible, what arises from a very different physical and mechanical properties of hydrogenated and perfluorinated hydrocarbons. The presence of two opposing segments within one molecule makes semifluorinated alkanes a very interesting class of compounds, which show a particular behavior in bulk and at interfaces. Their highly asymmetric structure, arising from the incompatibility of the both constituent parts, results in surface activity of these molecules (so-called primitive surfactants) when dissolved in organic solvents, and allows for the Langmuir monolayer formation if spread at the air/water interface, despite of the absence of polar group. Since 1984, semifluorinated alkanes have been subject to many studies concerning their structure and physicochemical properties in bulk phase (solid and liquid) and at interfaces (oil/water; air/water). The present article reviews the results obtained so far.