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EN
Systems engineering (SE) is a well-known approach used for management of the development process of big and complex technical systems / products (usually) by large companies. There are a few initiatives of SE application for different industries as well as new SE standard development for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems are a good example of systems development of which could be approached using systems engineering. In this paper, a case of an SME - a solution provider and system integrator of RFID systems is discussed, to discover how it is dealing with SE problems and issues. The paper also presents potential benefits arising from the utilization of SE in this type of projects realized by the SME in question.
2
EN
Three methods of AlN layers oxidation: dry, wet and mixed (wet with oxygen) were compared. Some physical parameters of oxidized thin films of aluminum nitride (AlN) layers grown on silicon Si(1 1 1) were investigated by means Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE). Three series of the thermal oxidations processes were carried out at 1012 degrees C in pure nitrogen as carrying gas and various gas ambients: (a) dry oxidation with oxygen, (b) wet oxidation with water steam and (c) mixed atmosphere with various process times. All the research methods have shown that along with the rising of the oxidation time, AlN layer across the aluminum oxide nitride transforms to aluminum oxide. The mixed oxidation was a faster method than the dry or wet ones.
PL
Celem opracowania jest wskazanie nowych możliwości rozwoju energetyki w Polsce w oparciu o samochody elektryczne (SE). Założono, że dzięki ich podłączeniu do lokalnych systemów elektroenergetycznych, można znacząco akumulować energię i skuteczniej przeciwdziałać występowaniu deficytu mocy elektrycznej.
EN
The aim of the study is to identify new opportunities for energy in Poland, based on electric cars (EC). It was assumed that due to their connection to the local power systems, can significantly accumulated energy and effectively prevent the occurrence of a deficit of electric power.
EN
Nanoscale multilayers of ZnS/Ag/ZnS were deposited on Corning glass substrates at different substrate temperatures. The depositions were carried out in high vacuum using electron beam deposition technique at 20, 60, 100 and 150 degrees C, respectively. The optical and electrical performance of each single layer and the accomplished ZnS/Ag/ZnS multilayer system were characterized using spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis, XRD and finally AFM. Based on these analyses and associated theories, such as the characteristic matrix theory, the optimized multilayer system was speculated and tested. Crystallographic structures of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction. In addition to X-ray diffraction, morphological characterizations were carried out by AFM in order to observe the deposited particle size, packing and roughness of the films. The optimum performance was achieved at the substrate temperature of 60 degrees C.
5
Content available Virtual magnetic resonance imaging as a didactic aid
EN
The paper concerns aspects of using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in medicine. The phenomenon of NMR is basis for the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Simulation of creating an image in spin echo (SE) method of MRI is used to obtain additional, arbitrary chosen images of the patient. Virtual MRI technique allows changing contrast of images in real time without use of any special equipment. Despite diagnostic benefits, VMRI is very helpful in didactics. Performing of such simulations greatly improves understanding of MRI principles and image contrast manipulation by the students.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy aspektów zastosowań magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego w medycynie Symulacja tworzenia obrazu echa spinowego (SE) w metodzie MRI jest używana w celu uzyskania dodatkowych, dowolne wybranych obrazów pacjenta. Wirtualna technika MRI pozwala na zmianę kontrastu obrazów w czasie rzeczywistym, bez użycia specjalnego sprzętu. Pomimo świadczeń diagnostycznych, VMRI jest bardzo pomocna w dydaktyce. Przeprowadzenie takich symulacji znacznie poprawia zrozumienie zasad MRI i manipulacji kontrastu obrazu przez uczniów.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę projektowania modelu hybrydowego systemu wspomagania decyzji dla Państwowej Straży Pożarnej. Do modelowania systemu zastosowano opis obiektowy. W analizie projektu zwrócono uwagę na aspekty wykorzystania i wbudowania w systemie decyzyjnym podsystemu ekspertowego.
EN
Issues of model design of the hybrid decision support system (HDSS) for the Fire Service were described. In the project analysis the aspects of use and incorporation an expert subsystem in the decision system were considered. In the second section, the methodology assumptions of the system projecting, based on applying the object-oriented description and Unified Modeling Language (UML) were presented. In the third section the analysis and presentation of the HDSS project was performed. The analysis was made with the use of the Activity Diagram. Basic system component, as well as influences between them and the ways of the flow of information were clearly-defined. Basic components of the Decision Support System were separated and situated on the Activity Diagram. The separated components and the physical realization of the system activity by the use of the Components Diagram were presented. Also possible use of the text mining component in the projected system was described.
EN
The main problem hindering proper analysis and documentation of archaeological and historical textiles is the lack of co-operation between scientists dealing with different aspects of these objects – archaeological, artistic, historical and technological. The last one includes the examining of manufacturing methods and analysis of the raw material and dyes used by chemical and physicochemical analysis methods, which is fundamental for proper identification of the object,as well a sits originand dating.The methods include:SEM,ICP, ATR/FTIR and AAS for determination of the raw material and other components of the object, the archaeological environment, analysis of the biodeterioration of archaeological textiles, as well as HPLC for analysis of the colour. This paper presents the methods and exemplary results of research conducted by the authors at the Technical University of Lodz, involving the analysing of archaeological textiles from the area of Poland and historical textiles from the collections of Polish museums.
PL
Głównym problem w analizie i dokumentacji tekstyliów zabytkowych i archeologicznych jest brak współpracy pomiędzy naukowcami zajmującymi się różnymi aspektami tych obiektów archeologicznym, artystycznym, historycznym i technologicznym. Ten ostatni obejmuje badanie metod wytwarzania oraz surowca i barwników za pomocą metod analizy chemicznej i fizykochemicznej, stanowiąc podstawę właściwej identyfikacji obiektu, jego pochodzenia i datowania. Metody obejmują SEM, ICP, ATR/FTIR i AAS w celu identyfikacji surowca i innych komponentów tekstyliów oraz środowiska archeologicznego, a także w badaniach nad biodeterioracją tekstyliów, oraz HPLC w celu identyfikacji koloru. Praca prezentuje te metody oraz przykładowe wyniki badań prowadzonych przez autorów na Politechnice Łódzkiej nad tekstyliami archeologicznymi z obszarów Polski oraz zabytkami tekstylnymi z kolekcji polskich muzeów.
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