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EN
The combination of two drive sources: the internal combustion engine and the electric motor in the hybrid drive system requires an appropriate control system to manage their operation. It relies on many variables, and the greater the degree of drive hybridization the greater is the degree of interdependence of the parameters involved. The article presents solutions of electric drive control algorithms with an additional power source in the form of an internal combustion engine (Range Extender). The results of simulation analyzes in the AVL Cruise program are presented, taking into account three control algorithms and two driving cycles. The obtained results indicate the necessity to take various input quantities into account in order to optimize the use of the combustion engine.
EN
The current legislation pushes for the increasing level of vehicle powertrain electrification. A series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain with a small Range Extender (REx) unit – comprised of an internal combustion engine and an electric generator – has the technical potential to overcome the main limitations of a pure battery electric vehicle: driving range, heating, and air-conditioning demands. A typical REx ICE operates only in one or few steady-states operating points, leading to different initial priorities for its design. These design priorities, compared to the conventional ICE, are mainly NVH, package, weight, and overall concept functional simplicity – hence the costeffectiveness. The design approach of the OEMs is usually rather conservative: parting from an already-existing ICE or components and adapting it for the REx application. The fuel efficiency potential of a one-point operation of the REx ICE is therefore not fully exploited. This article presents a multi-parametric and multi-objective optimization study of a REx ICE. The studied ICE concept uses a well-known and proven technology with a favourable production and development costs: it is a two-cylinder, natural aspirated, port injected, four-stroke SI engine. The goal of our study is to find its thermodynamic optimum and fuel efficiency potential for different feasible brake power outputs. Our optimization tool-chain combines a parametric GT-Suite ICE simulation model and modeFRONTIER optimization software with various optimization strategies, such as genetic algorithms, gradient based methods or various hybrid methods. The optimization results show a great fuel efficiency improvement potential by applying this multi-parametric and multi-objective method, converging to interesting short-stroke designs with Miller valve timings.
PL
Rozwój pojazdów hybrydowych i elektrycznych wynika z konieczności spełnienia ograniczeń dotyczących emisji dwutlenku węgla. Ze względu na rygorystyczne limity emisji w poszczególnych państwach świata konieczne jest poszukiwanie rozwiązań e-mobilności. W nurt tych prac wpisują się również pojazdy typu Range Extender (REX), które zostały przedstawione w niniejszym artykule.
DE
Die Entwicklung der Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen entsteht daraus, dass die Abgasnormen erfüllt werden müssen. In Anbetracht der strengen Emissionsbegrenzungen in einzelnen Länder ist es notwendig E-Mobilitätslösungen zu suchen. Dazu gehören die Fahrzeugen der Typ Range Extender (REX), die in diesem Artikel beschrieben wurden.
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