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1
Content available Komputerowe wspomaganie oceny ryzyka zawodowego dla obciążenia pracą fizyczną
Mączewska Anna, Polak-Sopińska Aleksandra
Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem
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2019
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Vol. 22, nr 1
2--12
EN
The paper describes an assessment of the possibilities of selected Polish-language computer applications of estimating the risk of physical workload of employees at production workplaces (on-line application “IRYS” by CIOP-PIB, “BHP - Ocena ryzyka zawodowego” by PENTA Soft, application by alumni of Lodz University of Technology), with special consideration of static workload. The research questions have been formulated, physiological and legal guidelines have been presented, which served to develop assessment criteria. The results of the evaluation carried out by the authors have been presented. The analysis indicates deficiencies in existing software, which can be the basis for developing guidelines for newly created applications.
2
Content available The ergonomic assessment of cycle rickshaw operators using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) tool
Gorde Mahesh S., Borade Atul B.
System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment
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2019
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Vol. 1, nr 1
219--225
EN
In India, the population of about eight lacks people who are engaged in riding cycle rickshaw as an occupation. It is an unorganized sector of India. A cycle rickshaw is a modified form of bicycle which is the cheapest mode of transportation for carrying passengers, luggage and goods. Many tasks connected with this occupation are associated with strenuous body postures, and some body movements typical for this job which, when combined with a heavy load, result in frequent work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs).Working postures were analyzed by means of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) tool in order to determine the area of discomfort. The outcome of the research is beneficial for manufactures of cycle rickshaws and similar products well as users of such products, including cycle rickshaw operators. Some suggestions were given to have increase the comfort and safety level.
3
Content available Stereoscopic record in ergonomics
Dulina L, Gašo M.
Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem
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2014
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Vol. 17, nr 2
13--16
EN
The authors are describing the application of stereoscopic records in the industrial engineering discipline. The main focus is to identify the potential for stereoscopic recordings in the field of industrial engineering. Specifically, it focuses on the evaluation of process operator workload with the ergonomic analysis. In the first part of the article, the authors describe the basic process in making stereoscopic records. In the second part, the authors describe the results of the application of stereoscopic video in the evaluation of operator workload. Stereoscopic video was used as the main source of information in the preparation of analyses. The result of the survey was the description of the potential benefits of stereoscopic video in industrial ergonomics.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania zapisów stereoskopowych w zagadnieniach związanych z inżynierią produkcji. Głównym celem pracy było określenie potencjału stereoskopowych nagrań w ergonomicznym kształtowaniu procesów pracy. W szczególności przeprowadzono ocenę nakładu pracy na stanowisku, na podstawie przeprowadzonych nagrań i realizowanych analiz ergonomicznych. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano podstawowy proces tworzenia stereoskopowych zapisów procesu. W drugiej części autorzy opisali wyniki zastosowania stereoskopowego zapisu wideo w ocenie pracy na stanowisku. Określono stereoskopowe wideo jako jedno z głównych źródeł informacji w opracowywaniu analiz ergonomicznych. Przedstawiono potencjalne korzyści stereoskopowego wideo w ergonomii przemysłowej.
4
Content available Heuristic Procedure for the Assembly Line Balancing Problem With Postural Load Smoothness
Jaturanonda C., Nanthavanij S., Das S. K.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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2013
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Vol. 19, No. 4
531--541
EN
This paper presents a heuristic procedure for assigning assembly tasks to workstations where both productivity and ergonomics issues are considered concurrently. The procedure uses Kilbridge and Wester’s algorithm to obtain an initial task–workstation assignment solution which minimizes the balance delay of an assembly line. A task reassignment algorithm was applied to improve the initial solution by exchanging assembly tasks, which smooth postural load among workers, between workstations. A composite index of variation was used to measure the effectiveness of the task–workstation assignment solution. On the basis of clothes assembling, it was found that the task–workstation assignment solution with a minimum composite index of variation can be obtained with relatively equal weights in balance delay and postural load.
5
Content available A Comparative Ergonomics Postural Assessment of Potters and Sculptors in the Unorganized Sector in West Bengal, India
Sahu S., Moitra S., Maity S., Pandit A. K., Roy B.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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2013
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Vol. 19, No. 3
455--462
EN
Potters and sculptors perform their work in very awkward postures. The purpose of this study was to analyse these postures. The modified Nordic questionnaire was used to analyse musculoskeletal discomfort. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used to evaluate the subjects' postures. There were no significant differences between times of discomfort and the group of subjects. However, there were significant differences in discomfort in different body parts. The analysis indicated that various body postures were harmful to the subjects and that there were profound deviations from natural curvature of various body parts due to awkward body postures. Ergonomics intervention was required to improve the quality of life.
6
Content available remote Identyfikacja obciążenia związanego ze sposobem wykonywania pracy na stanowisku nitowania w zakładzie produkcji okuć budowlanych
Horst W., Sokołowski T.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie
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2007
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Nr 47
105-118
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty zarządzania ryzykiem zawodowym związanym ze sposobem wykonywania pracy. Omówiono fragmenty badań subiektywnych z wykorzystaniem ankiety IDMS (Identyfikacji dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowych i ich przyczyn) oraz wyniki badań metodą RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) w zastosowaniu do identyfikacji ergonomicznych czynników ryzyka na stanowiskach operatorek nitownic w zakładzie produkującym okucia budowlane. Przedstawione wyniki umożliwiają podejmowanie decyzji w zakresie wyboru obszarów prewencji ergonomicznej mającej na celu zapobieganie chorobom wywołanym sposobem wykonywania pracy.
EN
Objective - to study biomechanical workload at the riveting operator workstation in the aim to management of WRMSDs. Methods - research was a part of the study on musculoskeletal disorders among workers in the lock factory. MSDs symptoms in body segments were identify by IDMS questionnaire. The RULA method was application. One operator performance activity at the riveting workstation by one shift (480 minutes) was analyzed. Observations were focused on one employee (left side of body) directly at the workstation. Results - 57 IDMS questionnaires were filled. 60% operators reported WRMSDs symptoms (pain, numbness, tingling, burning, stiffness, cramping etc) in neck and upper back; 49% in wrists and 37% in shoulders and lower back. RULA method points that riveting operators were at the level: 6 - 1%; 5 - 27%; 4 - 57%; 3 - 10% of day shift.
7
Content available A Comparison of Three Observational Techniques for Assessing Postural Loads in Industry
Kee D., Karwowski W.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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2007
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Vol. 13, No. 1
3--14
EN
This study aims to compare 3 observational techniques for assessing postural load, namely, OWAS, RULA, and REBA. The comparison was based on the evaluation results generated by the classification techniques using 301 working postures. All postures were sampled from the iron and steel, electronics, automotive, and chemical industries, and a general hospital. While only about 21% of the 301 postures were classified at the action category/level 3 or 4 by both OWAS and REBA, about 56% of the postures were classified into action level 3 or 4 by RULA. The inter-method reliability for postural load category between OWAS and RULA was just 29.2%, and the reliability between RULA and REBA was 48.2%. These results showed that compared to RULA, OWAS, and REBA generally underestimated postural loads for the analyzed postures, irrespective of industry, work type, and whether or not the body postures were in a balanced state.
8
Content available Differences in Dentists’ Working Postures When Adopting Proprioceptive Derivation vs. Conventional Concept
Chaikumarn M.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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2005
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Vol. 11, No. 4
441--449
EN
New technologies and changes in dental care, including the proprioceptive derivation (Pd) concept, aimed at providing dentists with greater comfort and better health, were introduced in Thailand. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in dentists’ working postures when adopting different work concepts: Pd and the conventional concept. The results showed differences in dentists’ sitting posture, clock-related working positions, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores. This implied that Pd helped dentists to discover new ways of positioning themselves, and working comfortably and effectively, which made it possible for them to adopt better working posture and have lower RULA scores. In conclusion, the Pd concept had a positive effect on dentists’ working posture.
9
Content available Examining RULA`s Postural Scoring System With Selected Physiological and Psychophysiological Measures
Fountain L. J. K.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
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2003
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Vol. 9, No. 4
383--392
EN
The Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) survey is a posture-sampling tool used specifically to examine the level of risk associated with upper limb disorders of individual workers. This paper examines the relationship between RULA’s postural scoring system and measures of surface electromyography (EMG), self-reports of discomfort, and job attitude questionnaires. Twenty participants each performed a 30-min typing task on a computer in 3 working postures based on RULA’s scoring system. A statistically significant difference was found only in perceived discomfort. The perceived discomfort results demonstrated that RULA was able to identify “high risk” postures. The next question we need to ask is, does perceived discomfort result in tissue damage, or does tissue damage yield discomfort?
10
Content available remote Metoda OWAS jako narzędzie identyfikacji i oceny narażenia na wystąpienie dolegliwości szkieletowo-mięśniowych spowodowanych pozycją zajmowaną podczas pracy
Horst W.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie
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2002
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Nr 34
33--48
PL
OWAS jest praktyczną metodą pozwalającą na identyfikację oraz ocenę pozycji zajmowanych podczas pracy. Pozwala na identyfikację narażeń na wystąpienie dolegliwości szkieletowo-mięśniowych. W artykule przedstawiono założenia, ograniczenia i modyfikacje metody. Przedstawiono również porównanie pozycji opisanych w OWAS z tymiż w metodach RULA, REBA oraz w standardach ISO.
EN
OWAS is a practical method for identifying and evaluating working postures related to musculoskeletal disorders. The criteria are based on evaluations made by experienced workers and ergonomics experts. In paper assumptions, limitations and some modifications are discussed. Some comparison of OWAS, RULA, REBA and ISO normalizations is presented.
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