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1

A Novel Method for Optimizing Parameters influencing the Bearing Capacity of Geosynthetic Reinforced Sand Using RSM, ANN, and Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm

Lafifi Brahim, Rouaiguia Ammar, Soltani El Alia

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2023

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Vol. 45, nr 2

174--196

EN

In this study, a novel method is proposed to optimize the reinforced parameters influencing the bearing capacity of a shallow square foundation resting on sandy soil reinforced with geosynthetic. The parameters to be optimized are reinforcement length (L), the number of reinforcement layers (N), the depth of the topmost layer of geosynthetic (U), and the vertical distance between two reinforcement layers (X). To achieve this objective, 25 laboratory small-scale model tests were conducted on reinforced sand. This laboratory-scale model has used two geosynthetics as reinforcement materials and one sandy soil. Firstly, the effect of reinforcement parameters on the bearing load was investigated using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Both response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) tools were applied and compared to model bearing capacity. Finally, the multiobjective genetic algorithm (MOGA) coupled with RSM and ANN models was used to solve multi objective optimization problems. The design of bearing capacity is considered a multi-objective optimization problem. In this regard, the two conflicting objectives are the need to maximize bearing capacity and minimize the cost. According to the obtained results, an informed decision regarding the design of the bearing capacity of reinforced sand is reached.

2

The Treatment of Hospital Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Process – Analysis by Response Surface Methodology

Salah Al-Shati Ahmed, Alabboodi Khalid O., Shamkhi Hassan A., Abd Zahraa N., Emeen Sara I. Mohammed

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 1

260--276

EN

Electrocoagulation (EC) can be defined a method utilized to remove pollutants from wastewater by applying an electric current to sacrificial electrodes. Many experimental variables like NaCl content (0–4 g/l), current density (5–25 mA/cm2), time (30–90 mins), and pH (4–10) that influence the removal efficiency regarding COD were considered. In the presented research, three distinct configurations related to electrodes, i.e. Al-Al, Fe-Al, and Fe-Fe, have been utilized to determine which was the most effective. RSM depending on BBD was utilized for optimizing various operational parameters with regard to HWW by use of EC. Maximum COD removal (97.9%) was reached at Fe-Al electrodes, NaCl (3.2 g/l), current density (24.7 mA/cm2), time (81.7 mins), and pH (7.4). COD removal (91.3%) was achieved at the Al-Al electrodes, NaCl (3.8 g/l), current density(23.5 mA/cm2), time-86.3 min, and Ph (7.7). At the Fe-Fe electrodes, the removal of COD (89.5%) was obtained at NaCl (2.3 g/l), current density (24.6 mA/cm2), pH 8.5, and time (86.9 min). This indicates that EC could remove pollutants from different types of wastewaters under many operating parameters and with arrangements of electrodes.

3

Optimization of Response Surface Methodology for Removal of Cadmium Ions from Wastewater using Low Cost Materials

Mohammed Risalah A., Abdulhasan Maryam Jawad, Raheem Shahad A., Alwared Abeer I., Mohammed Noor A., Kadhim Rand Fadhil, Al-Bayati Alaa Dhari Jawad

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 8

146--156

EN

This study goal to the ability of using low cost materials representing thermestone and aluminum solid wastes in water filtration by using a pilot plant constructed in wastewater treatment plant to remove cadmium ions (Cd(II)). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) used to optimize the optimal parameters that affecting the performance of filter units, these parameters are time, Cd(II) concentration, and filtration rate. These optimized parameters were 9 hr., 5 ppm, 10 l/hr. with removal efficiency of Cd(II) for A-Filter, T-Filter, S-Filter, and A-T-S-Filter was 94%, 95%, 86.8% and 90%, respectively. The result shows that the T-filter has higher cadmium removal efficiency than A-filter, S-filter and S-T-A- filter. While A-filter has a higher removal efficiency of cadmium than the S-filter and S-T-A- filter. While the S-T-A- filter has higher efficiency than S- filter. The result obtained from RSM was good Agreement with the result of experiments. As a result, the optimized process in this paper can be widely utilized with high removal ratio of Cd(II) ions from wastewater samples.

4

Optimization of Particle Size and Ramie Fiber Ratio on Hybrid Bio Panel Production from Oil Palm Trunk as Thermal Insulation Materials

Mawardi Indra, Nurdin, Fakhriza, Rizal Samsul, Aprilia Sri, Faisal Muhammad, Jaya Ramadhansyah Putra

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 2

39--49

EN

The abundant availability of waste oil palm trunks is one of the potential fibers for new thermal insulation materials. While focusing on the manufacturing of thermal insulation materials, the main points to be considered are particle size, reinforcement fiber ratio, and press durations, besides binders type and temperature. This study aimed to optimize the manufacturing process of hybrid bio panels based on oil palm trunks as thermal insulation material. The response surface methodology (RSM), with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD), was used to model and optimize the manufacturing process variables. A total of 17 hybrid bio panels were in operation and the independent variables used were particle size, ramie ratio, and press duration. The dependent variables were water absorption, thickness swelling, MOR, and thermal conductivity. The hybrid bio panel obtained under the optimum conditions was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis to observe thermal stability. On the basis of analysis of variance and the contour plot, it was discovered that the interaction between particle size and ramie fiber ratio was a significant variable to optimize hybrid bio panel manufacture. The thermal resistance and modulus of rupture of hybrid bio panels also improved with higher particle size and ramie fiber ratio. The optimum manufacturing process was obtained at OPT particle size of 0.248 mm, ramie fiber ratio of 19.775, and press duration of 25 min. This condition produces a thermal conductivity of 0.079 W/mK, modulus of rupture of 17.702 MPa, water absorption of 54.428%, and thickness swelling of 21.974%. In addition, the hybrid bio panel resulted in thermal stability of 341 °C.

5

Sustainable production of an iron-eggshell nanocomposite and investigating its catalytic potential for phenol removal

Mohammed Noor A., Saeed Liqaa I., Mhemid Rasha Khalid Sabri

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 3

387--403

EN

The research conducted here will hopefully lead to the creation of a practical, inexpensive method for purging aqueous solutions of contaminating phenolic chemicals. A biosorbent system comprised of eggshells and iron was studied for its potential to effectively detoxify phenol. Both the eggshell and the iron systems were used in the preparation of the adsorbents in order to achieve the desired result of having the properties of both systems. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for characterisation. Batch tests were conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity of eggshells and iron under the influence of different operating parameters (shaking speed, pH, initial phenol content, and contact time). In the design-expert modelling, the optimisation conditions were found to be a pollutant concentration = 30.0 mg . L–1, pH of 3.00, adsorbent dose = 0.11 mg . L–1, shaking speed = 150 rpm, and time = 120 min for an phenol reduction rate of 94.4 % which it was extremely near to the experimentally value (96.6 %). The CCD modelling that was performed in the RSM verified the findings that were predicted. On the basis of laboratory results, the prediction proved accurate.

6

Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Process

Abshishek H., Vijayakumar H., Mahesh Kumar C L, Shwetha Kotagi Girisha

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2023

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Vol. 33, no. 4

1--13

EN

Treatment of Municipal wastewater by Electrocoagulation (EC) process using punched aluminium and zinc electrodes was studied in a batch EC cell reactor. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on Central Composite Design (CCD) was utilized to optimize the operating parameters for the removal of % Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and % Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) from Municipal Sewage. Effect of operating parameters such as Electrode Distance (x1), Electrolysis Time (x2) and Voltage (x3) has been optimized for the removal of TSS and COD. The prediction of removal percentage of TSS and COD in various Operational circumstances is done by using Quadratic model. The significance of each operating parameter was computed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA). To achieve the maximum removal of % TSS and % COD, the optimum conditions were Electrode distance(x1)-3 cm, Electrolysis Time (x2)-70.299 minute and Voltage (x3)-6.5V. It was observed that the performance of electrocoagulation process increased up to 61.45% for COD removal, and 73.73% for TSS removal using punched electrode compared to plane electrodes.

7

A new tooling approach for friction stir welding of thin sheet AA2024-T3 - optimization of welding parameters

Myśliwiec Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

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2022

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z. 94

37--50

EN

In this study a new ceramics tools with different groove distributions were designed and manufactured in order to enrich technological storage of joining thinwall structures and obtain sound joint with high quality of Alclad AA2024-T3 alloy of 0.5 mm in thickness. Four types of tools were tested, without grooves, with 1, 2 and 6 grooves. The tools are made of two materials. The straight shank is made from tungsten carbide and tool body made from ceramics strengthened with whiskers. The influence of technological parameters on the strength of FSW joints was tested by the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method. The least durable weld is produced by a tool without grooves. The single and double flute tool produces a good quality weld over a wide range of tool speeds. It has been shown that the grooves on the tool shoulder significantly affect the quality of the obtained FSW joint.

PL

W pracy zaprojektowano i wykonano nowe narzędzia ceramiczne o różnym rozkładzie rowków w celu wzbogacenia technologii łączenia konstrukcji cienkościennych i uzyskania wysokiej jakości połączenia blach ze stopu aluminium AA2024-T3 Alclad o grubości 0,5 mm. Przetestowano cztery typy narzędzi, bez rowków, z 1, 2 i 6 rowkami. Narzędzia wykonano z dwóch materiałów. Część chwytową wykonano z węglika wolframu, a korpus narzędzia z ceramiki wzmocnionej whiskerami. Wpływ parametrów technologicznych na wytrzymałość złączy FSW badano metodami analizy powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSM) oraz analizy wariancji (ANOVA). Najmniej trwałą spoinę wytworzyło narzędzie bez rowków. Narzędzie z pojedynczym i podwójnym rowkiem zapewniło dobrej jakości spoinę w szerokim zakresie prędkości obrotowych narzędzia. Wykazano, że rowki na kołnierzu narzędzia istotnie wpływają na jakość uzyskanego połączenia FSW.

8

Czynniki wpływające na skuteczność zwodów pionowych w przechwytywaniu odgórnych wyładowań piorunowych

Sul Przemysław, Sobolewski Konrad, Owsiński Maciej

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2022

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R. 90, nr 6

3--10

PL

W artykule przeanalizowano najważniejsze czynniki wpływające na skuteczność zwodów pionowych w przechwytywaniu odgórnych wyładowań atmosferycznych. Określono wpływ m.in.: parametrów lidera skokowego, wytrzymałości dielektrycznej powietrza oraz ukształtowania terenu wokół obiektów naziemnych. Rozważania oparto przede wszystkim na danych uzyskanych z literatury, ale także badań laboratoryjnych i komputerowych badań symulacyjnych.

EN

The article analyzes the most important factors influencing the effectiveness of vertical air terminals in intercepting downward lightning strikes. The impact of, among others, the parameters of the step leader, air dielectric strength and the shape of the terrain around ground objects was examined. The considerations were based primarily on the data obtained from the literature, as well as laboratory tests and computer simulation tests.

9

Investigation and Prediction of ECMM characteristics of Hardened Die Steel with Nanoparticle Added Electrolytes Using Hybrid Deep Neural Network

Kanniyappan Vijayakumar, Tamilperuvalathan Sekar

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2022

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Vol. 24, nr 4

7--22

EN

In our work, the process efficiency of the ECMM should be improved by using different combinations of nano-particles and added electrolytes. The superior aim of this work is to improve and predict the ECMM machining characteristics of die hardened steel, namely material removal rate (MRR), Tool wear rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness (Ra). The machining conditions are optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box Behnken Design. The better Nano electrolyte is optimized using Deer Hunting Optimization (DHO) based on the machined outcomes, and the performances are predicted using a hybrid Deep Neural Network (DNN) based DHO. The hybrid DNN-DHO based predicted outcome of MRR is 0.361 mg/min, TWR is 0.272 mg/min and Ra is 2.511 μm. The validation results show that our proposed DNN-DHO model performed well and obtained above 0.99 regression for both training and validation of DNN-DHO, where the root mean square error ranges between 0.018 and 0.024.

10

A new Rectangle Subsections Method (RSM) for the design of a reinforced concrete T-shaped cross-section bridge girders

Kowalski Damian

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 12

38--41

EN

The aim of this article is to present the new approach to a design of t-shaped beam elements, called a Rectangle Subsections Method (RSM). Its biggest advantage is that the internal forces from the components do not need to be added to obtain the total forces. In case of sagging, the results for RSM and Traditional Design Method (TM) appeared similar. At hogging, the RSM was more conservative - the ratio of the designed to the tested reinforcement area was 3.3 in RSM vs 2.6 in TM.

PL

Celem pracy jest prezentacja nowego podejścia do projektowania przekrojów teowych w elementach belkowych, zwanego Metodą Podprzekrojów Prostokątnych (RSM). Jego główną zaletą jest brak konieczności dodawania sił wewnętrznych z komponentów w celu otrzymania sił wypadkowych. W przypadku momentów dodatnich wyniki RSM i Metody Tradycyjnej (TM) okazały się zbieżne. Przy zginaniu ujemnym RSM była bardziej konserwatywna - stosunek powierzchni zbrojenia zaprojektowanego do badanego wynosił 3,3 w RSM vs 2,6 w TM.

11

Underwater friction-stir welding of a stir-cast AA6061-SiC metal matrix composite: optimization of the process parameters, microstructural characterization, and mechanical properties

Sabry Ibrahim, Hewidy A. M.

Materials Science Poland

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2022

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Vol. 40, No. 1

101--115

EN

It is an underlying fact for the case of the joining process especially welding to have optimized parameters to achieve joints with outstanding mechanical characteristics. In the current article, using stir-cast aluminum-based alloy (Al 6061) is stir-cast with Al 6061/5%wt. silicon carbide, Al 6061/10%wt. silicon carbide, and Al 6061/18%wt. silicon carbide was welded using an underwater friction-stir welding process. Optimum welding parameters [namely, tool rotating speed (N), welding speed (S), and silicon carbide (SiC)] are investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology (RSM) statistical approaches. High ultimate tensile strength and microhardness were set as required characteristics of quality welds. Since there are two responses and two objectives, multiple-criteria decision-making approach-response surface methodology was performed alongside ANOVA. Optimal parameters from these statistical approaches are converged to a tool rotating speed of 1,736.36 rpm, a welding speed of 11.58 mm/min, and a SiC of 16.67%, respectively. For the current inquiry, the computed ultimate tensile strength and microhardness are 984 MPa and 89.9 HV, respectively, and these values are congruent with the findings of effectiveness studies. It is deduced from this study that the optimal parameters are convergent irrespective of the two used techniques for the investigated experimental data.

12

Optimization of joining HDPE rods by continuous drive friction welding

Tashkandi Mohammed A., Becheikh Nidhal M.

Materials Science Poland

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2022

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Vol. 40, No. 2

240--256

EN

Continuous drive friction welding (CDFW) is a solid-state joining procedure that can be used to join various similar and dissimilar materials. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a thermoplastic that can replace many traditional materials. Utilizing experimental design procedures such as response surface method (RSM) is a reliable approach for determining the most significant process parameters and optimizing the desired responses. The current study employed an RSM experimental design to investigate the effects of the process parameters for welding HDPE rods using CDFW. The design evaluated the process parameters and three outcome responses: the maximum welding temperature, the axial shortening, and the tensile strength (TS). The combination of the three responses can allow achieving high-efficiency welds. The results showed that it was possible to achieve high-efficiency welds while maintaining axial shortening and controlling temperature. A TS >65% of the parent material's strength with an axial shortening of <3 mm was achieved.

13

Ability of Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Photocatalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin from Aqueous Solutions Using Immobilized TiO2/Sand

Sulaiman Fadia A., Alwared Abeer I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 5

293--304

EN

The response surface method was applied to optimize operational factors in the solar photocatalytic process on the removal of Amoxicillin (AMOX) residues from aqueous solution using TiO2 immobilized on the sand as a catalyst. The results reveal that the degradation percentage of AMOX is 93.12%, when optimal conditions of pH=5, 75 mg/l of TiO2, 400 mg/l of H2O2, and 10 mg/l of AMOX concentration at 150 min irradiation time were used. Furthermore, the model’s expected response results have reasonable similarity with the actual data (R2 = 93.58%), demonstrating the efficiency of this method in making an accurate prediction. A second-order polynomial multiple regression model was used to evaluate the responses, which confirms that was a satisfactory adjustment with the achieved data through analysis of variance (R2 = 93.58%, R2adj = 91.48% and R2pred =89.68%). In addition, it is observed that the removal of undesirable compounds follows a pseudo-2nd order kinetic model with R2 = 0.9862. In conclusion, with the ease of usage of immobilized TiO2 and good photocatalytic efficiency, the findings showed the potential application to the antibiotics from an aqueous solution.

14

Landslide stability analysis with the use of the design of experiments method – case study of souk ahras, Algeria

Charef Nouar, Mezhoudi Issam, Boumezbeur Abderrahmane, Harrat Nabil

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2022

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no. 4

137--150

EN

In the northeast of Algeria, Souk Ahras area is known for the severity and spread of landslides, especially in Mechroha and Zaarouria municipalities. Stability analysis of landslides in these areas depends on the calculations of safety factor according to several parameters (physical, mechanical, geological…). The aim of this study is to investigate the parameters affecting the safety factor using the design of experiments (DOE) method, central composite design (CCD) and response surfaces methodology (RSM). These methods use parameter modeling and optimization to discuss a solution of landslide hazard by developing models of safety factor (Fs) considered as response. The other parameters adopted as input independent factors are geotechnical physical and mechanical parameters such as: the dry and wet unit weight (γd, γh), the water content (w), the plasticity and liquidity limits and the plasticity index (WL, WP, IP), the percentage of fine elements Ff (%) < 0.08 mm), the cohesion C and the internal friction angle (Phi). Obtained results show high correlations with a regression coefficient R2 of 0.88 and 0.93 in the two cases study and the predicted factor of safety model fit best to those obtained in the analytical and numerical modeling procedure. The final model is applicable to give reliable results on the safety factor of landslides.

15

Response Surface Methodology for Treatment of Paper Mill Wastewater by Using Inorganic Polymeric Coagulant

Ali Mohammed Eid M., Moniem Shimaa M. Abdel, Abdelsalam Hazem, Ammar Nabila S., Ibrahim Hanan S.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 5

153--163

EN

Inorganic polymeric ferric chloride (POFC) coagulant with proposed structure of Fen (Cl2.2OH0.8)n is synthesized using waste materials and characterized by XRD. In the current work scrutinized efficiency of POFC for paper mill wastewater (PMW) treatment using response surface methodology (RSM) with central Composite Design (CCD) modeling. Different factors; dose, rapid mixing speed, and rapid mixing time are used for optimize the coagulation process using POFC for treating PMW. The turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals are the indicators for assessing POFC efficiency. The obtained result for XRD confirms the production of new material of inorganic polymeric coagulants. Based on RSM modelling, there is a high correlation between the experimental and predicated removals of turbidity and COD. Subsequently, the model is significantly applied for predicating COD and turbidity removals at different operation condition. Conclusively, the obtained results proposed for practical application of POFC coagulant for treatment of paper mill wastewater for COD and turbidity elimination. Furthermore, the applied RSM with CCD is talented model for optimizing treatment of PMW.

16

Optimization of Injection Moulding Process via Design of Experiment (DOE) Method based on Rice Husk (RH) Reinforced Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Composite Properties

Jaya Haliza, Zulkepli Nik Noriman, Omar Mohd Firdaus, Abd Rahim Shayfull Zamree, Nabiałek Marcin, Jeż Kinga, Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2022

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Vol. 67, iss. 2

719--727

EN

Optimal parameters setting of injection moulding (IM) machine critically effects productivity, quality, and cost production of end products in manufacturing industries. Previously, trial and error method were the most common method for the production engineers to meet the optimal process injection moulding parameter setting. Inappropriate injection moulding machine parameter settings can lead to poor production and quality of a product. Therefore, this study was purposefully carried out to overcome those uncertainty. This paper presents a statistical technique on the optimization of injection moulding process parameters through central composite design (CCD). In this study, an understanding of the injection moulding process and consequently its optimization is carried out by CCD based on three parameters (melt temperature, packing pressure, and cooling time) which influence the shrinkage and tensile strength of rice husk (RH) reinforced low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. Statistical results and analysis are used to provide better interpretation of the experiment. The models are form from analysis of variance (ANOVA) method and the model passed the tests for normality and independence assumptions.

17

Effectiveness of hybrid Al2O3-TiO2 nano cutting fluids application in CNC turning process

Arifuddin A., Redhwan A.A.M., Syafiq A.M., Zainal Ariffin S., Aminullah A.R.M., Azmi W.H.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 117, nr 2

70--78

EN

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of hybrid Al2O3-TiO2 nano-cutting fluid in the turning process application under the selected significant machining parameters consisting of nano concentration, depth of cut and feed rate. Design/methodology/approach: The preparation of aqueous hybrid Al2O3-TiO2 water-based nano-cutting fluids and their application as the cutting fluid in turning operations are undertaken. The Al2O3-TiO2 hybrid nano-cutting fluids were prepared through a one-step method; by dispersing nanoparticles of Al2O3 (average diameter 30 nm) and TiO2 (average diameter 30-50 nm) in CNC coolant based at four different volume concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%). The effectiveness of turning cutting performance, namely cutting temperature (°C), average surface roughness (Ra), and tool wear (%), were assessed via air-assisted nano cutting fluids impinged through MQL setup in turning of Aluminium Alloy AA7075. The response surface method (RSM) was employed in the design of the experiment (DOE). Findings: The lowest cutting temperature, surface roughness, and tool wear of 25.8°C, 0.494 μm, and 0.0107%, are obtained, respectively, when the combinations of hybrid nano cutting fluid concentration of 4%, feed rate value of 0.1 mm/rev, and 0.3 mm depth of cut is used. Research limitations/implications: The result in this paper is based on the experimental study of Al2O3-TiO2 hybrid nano-cutting fluid using CNC turning operation. The process focuses on the finishing process by using a finishing insert. Further work using roughing process may be suggested to observe the better performance of this cutting process using nano-cutting fluid towards reducing the wear rate. Practical implications: The use of Al2O3-TiO2 hybrid nano-cutting fluid coupled with MQL in the CNC turning process is considered a new method. Machining soft and delicate materials such as Aluminium should consider using this combination technique since it lowers the cutting temperature and removes the chips, reducing the adhesive wear. Originality/value: The hybrid nano-cutting fluid can replace the conventional cutting fluid and will perform better if combined with the MQL cooling technique; this new method should be considered by major industry players that require a high-precision finished product such as the product that involves aircraft and aerospace applications.

18

Application of response surface methodology to improve methane production from jerusalem artichoke straw

Meng Yan, Li Yi, Chen Laisheng, Han Rui

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2022

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Vol. 48, no. 3

70--79

EN

Anaerobic digestion (AD) converts organic matter and biomass waste into biogas, making it an environmentally friendly technology to improve energy resources for a wide range of applications. Jerusalem artichoke straw (JAS) has an enriched content of cellulose and exhibits a high potential for methane production. AD-based production of methane can eff ectively utilize waste JAS. This study investigated the AD performance of JAS to explore the enhancement of methane yields by employing a Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The overall goal was to identify the optimal levels of pretreatment factors, including HCl concentration, pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature, for producing optimal biomethane yields from JAS. The highest value of methane production achieved was 256.33 mL g-1VS by using an optimal concentration of HCl as 0.25 M, a pretreatment time of 10 h, and a pretreatment temperature of 25°C. These results inform the future application of JAS in enhanced methane production.

19

Optimization of process parameters in turning of magnesium AZ91D alloy for better surface finish using genetic algorithm

Pradeep Kumar Madhesan, Venkatesan Rajamanickam, Manimurugan Manickam

Acta Innovations

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2022

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no. 43

54--62

EN

This research examined at the optimum cutting parameters for producing minimum surface roughness and maximum Material Removal Rate (MRR) when turning magnesium alloy AZ91D. Cutting speed (m/min), feed (mm/rev), and cut depth (mm) have all been considered in the experimental study. To find the best cutting parameters, Taguchi's technique and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), an evolutionary optimization techniques Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) were employed. GA gives better results of 34.04% lesser surface roughness and 15.2% higher MRR values when compared with Taguchi method. The most optimal values of surface roughness and MRR is received in multi objective optimization NSGA-II were 0.7341 µm and 9460 mm3/min for the cutting parameters cutting speed at 140.73m/min, feed rate at 0.06mm/min and 0.99mm depth of cut. Multi objective NSGA-II optimization provides several non-dominated points on Pareto Front model that can be utilized as decision making for choice among objectives.

20

An investigation of wire offset and surface morphology of Die Steel D-3 on Wire EDM by using RSM-CCD

Hasan Mohd Faizan, Bharti Prem Kumar, Rahim Mohd Reyaz Ur

Production Engineering Archives

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2021

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Vol. 27, Iss. 2

112--118

EN

The work investigated the effect on wire offset and surface morphology, with input process parameters as peak current, pulse on time, wire tension over Die Steel D3. Some of experiments were performed by using response surface methodology (RSM) as the design of experiment with central composite design (CCD) technique for the analysis. The ANOVA results annotate that the model is significant. Wire Tension and peak current are observed to have major impact on wire offset during machining operation and surface morphology. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirmed that the thermal stresses produced during the machining of the workpiece resulted in the development of microcracks, craters and spherical module. Due to higher thermal gradient i.e., higher peak current and pulse on-time larger cracks and melted deposits were observed.