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2 Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2 2022

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Experimental and numerical analysis of blood flow in roughness impact-R test

Kopernik Magdalena, Kruczek Dawid, Kurtyka Przemysław, Pomorska Małgorzata, Major Roman

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2022

Vol. 24, no. 3

120--133

The present paper covers simulation of blood flow in a roughness impact-R test model to anticipate the hemodynamic conditions of adhesion of blood elements to the modified surface. It was performed using numerical modelling of this process. The aim of these simulations was to create a surface morphology that stimulates the adhesion of blood elements to the surface of base plate of impact-R test. Methods: The morphology of base plate of impact-R test was developed using a vacuum powder sintering of commercial purity titanium powder (CP-Ti) on Ti6Al7Nb substrate. The finite volume method (FVM) and disperse particle method (DPM) were applied to develop the target model of a roughness impact-R test. The morphology of modified surfaces was documented with digital microscope and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). Results: The impact-R test developed using the two-phase blood model performed on regularly structured base plate resulted in shear stress values higher than the analogous for the model lacking such modification. The most significant reduction in maximum values of shear stress occurred in case of the DPM model and especially in the model with regular structures. Conclusions: The proposed models are very effective in modeling of the analysis of blood flow in roughness impact-R test.

Discrete phase model of blood flow in a roughness microchannel simulating the formation of pseudointima

Kopernik Magdalena, Dyrda Karina, Kurtyka Przemysław, Major Roman

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2022

Vol. 24, no. 1

132--144

The goal of the present study was the development of discrete phase model to simulate the phenomenon of backfilling a morphologically complex surface by red blood cells (RBCs) in a flow microchannel and to anticipate the conditions of forming a pseudointima. The objective of the experimental studies that inspired the development of the simulation was to create a surface that stimulates the formation of the pseudointima layer. Methods: The finite volume method (FVM) and discrete particle method (DPM) were applied to develop the target model. In addition, a mixture model and a roughness model of bottom layer were tested in the present study to show their influence on simulation the phenomenon of backfilling a morphologically complex surface by RBCs in a flow microchannel. Results: Numerical models were developed including: a) FVM models to compare the effect of applying boundary conditions with/without roughness and cubes, as well as the analysis of their influence on blood velocity and shear stress; b) mixture models to compare the effect of applying different boundary conditions and cubes on computed results; c) DPM models to compare the effect of applying and not applying roughness as a boundary condition; d) DPM models with a morphologically complex surface and RBCs collisions to present RBCs concentration, velocity and time distributions during flow in a channel. Conclusions: The analysis carried out for the developed numerical models indicates that DPM model with cubes computes the best results. It also shows the backfilling of a morphologically complex surface of the bottom microchannel with RBCs.