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Importance of Old Forest Stands for Diversity of Birds in Managed Pine Forests : A Case Study from Augustów Forest (NE Poland)

Zawadzka D., Drozdowski S., Zawadzki G., Zawadzki J., Mikitiuk A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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Vol. 66, nr 2

162--181

EN

We assessed the assemblages of birds inhabiting pine-dominated managed forest, aged between 1-5 years and above 140 years. Birds were counted on study plots representing eight different phases to the forest's development, with nesting, foraging and migratory guild categories recognised. Numbers of bird species and population densities, both increased markedly with stand age (respectively r = 0.988 and r = 0.936, P < 0.001). While numbers of ground-nesting bird species failed to correlate with stand age, successively older stands did support ever-greater proportions of species in the assemblage that nested in tree crowns (r = 0.976, P < 0.005) or tree holes (r = 0.833, P < 0.005). Raptors were most abundant in forest at the oldest stages of growth, and there was an age-gradient-related increase in the shares of both plant-eating species (r = 0.952, P < 0.005) and raptors (r = 0.764, P < 0.005). Resident birds were most numerous in the oldest forest. PCA for ten selected variables (relating to guild type) showed that the two principal components explained almost 98% of the variation among groups of bird guilds in relation to forest age. On the basis of their suitability for birds it was possible to distinguish three categories of stand by age group, of which the first encompasses the initial stage, the second a broad interval involving middle-aged stands of between 16 and 140 years, and the third forest more than 140 years old. The presence of the oldest stands of all can thus be seen to play a very important role in maintaining high-diversity populations of birds in managed forest.

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Quantifi cation of ecological preferences of the Capercaille Tetrao urogallus by means of the habitat suitability index: a case study in the Augustów Forest (N-E Poland)

Brzeziecki B., Drozdowski S., Zawadzka D., Zawadzki J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 4

805--814

EN

Habitat structure and selection by the Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus were assessed in the Augustów Forest (NE Poland), where a population of 50–80 birds and 11 active leks existed. Habitat preferences in the local scale were studied, based on measurements of total 1952 circular sample plots with radius of 15 m. On plots, in total, 10 variables describing forest structure (e.g. successional stage, canopy cover, vertical stand structure, share of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris, shrub layer cover, bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus cover, average height of ground vegetation, occurrence of feeding and roosting trees), as well as signs of Capercaillie presence, were assessed. Then, the model of Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) was constructed. Plots with high HSI scores were used by Capercaillie more often than expected in a case of a random choice, and those with low scores – less than expected. Capercaillie in the Augustów Forest prefers relatively old, one-layered stands, dominated by Scot pine with a sparsely developed shrub layer. The most important differences between abandoned and active leks were related to shrub cover in ground vegetation and height of ground vegetation and share of bilberry.

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Wpływ odwodnienia na przyrost drzewostanu na obiekcie Wilcze Bagno w Puszczy Augustowskiej

Wróbel M.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2007

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Nr 18

260-261