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Surface Water Pollution from Urban and Industrial Waste – A Case Study of the Lumbardhi River Flow, Prizren (Kosovo)

Gashi Sami, Sofiu Vehbi, Balaj Nexhat

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 7

30--37

Surface water pollution is mainly due to large urbanization, agricultural waste and discharges of production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pollutant parameters of surface waters effluents contaminated by synthetic detergents and organic chemical substances. During the study, the following physico-chemical parameters were analyzed: phosphate ion (PO43−), total phosphate (TP), sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10), sodium perborate (NaBO3n H2O ), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO−3), nitrite (NO2−), water temp. (°C), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH). The correlation between the source water and the current level of pollution of this river was measured in four locations: (Prevalla L1 ; Reqane L2; City park L3; Vlashnje L4) along the surface course of the Lumbardhi River in Prizren. From the results of the study for both time periods, the chemical parameters values of phosphate ion (PO43−) for May, 2022 according to monitoring of physico-chemical parameters in Lumbardhi River in Prizren were 0.01. The value of total phosphate (TP) was 0.002, for sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10). The water quality of the Lumbardhi river directly depends on the amount of flows in the river. Poor quality of the water is more pronounced during the month of October, when the amount of flows in the river is smaller. Location (L3) had higher pollution as a result of the discharge of urban sewage and city waste. Research has shown the presence of different forms of phosphorus that are higher in the (L2 and L3) locations.

Determining the influence of population density on the land surface temperature based on remote sensing data and GIS techniques: application to Prizren, Kosovo

Dushi Mimoza, Berila Albert

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

2022

Vol. 31, No. 1

47--62

The whole study was conducted for the Municipality of Prizren and aims to to determine the effect that the population density has on land surface temperature (LST). All this was achieved through the connection of land surface temperature (LST) and population density. The free Landsat 8 satellite image downloaded from the United States Geological Survey website was used and then processed using GIS and remote sensing techniques. To understand the relationship between population density and LST, we performed a regression analysis. This analysis showed a strong positive relationship with a value of r = 0.8206, emphasizing the important role that the population has in creating empowering areas that generate surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect. The results of the study clearly showed that in the northern, central, and western parts there are pixels with high LST values. This presentation corresponds with the population density, which means that it is precisely the actions of the population that help generate, display, and strengthen the harmful effect of the SUHI. The map with areas of high LST pixels are of great importance to the policymakers and urban planners of Prizren so that they can orient themselves in these areas and take all actions necessary to minimize this harmful effect which is worrying citizens. If it continues with unplanned development, the peripheral parts of Prizren are seriously endangered by the damage of the spaces which offer protection (green spaces) from the SUHI phenomenon.