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EN
On 30 August 1919, the issuance of the periodical entitled “Ziemia” (full title: “Ziemia. Tygodnik krajoznawczy ilustrowany” [“Earth. Illustrated weekly about sights”]), published in Warsaw (before the First World War, in the period of the Kingdom of Poland ) in the years 1910-1914 (240 issues altogether) was restarted. The aim of the article is to elaborate on the didactic and educational value of the issue of nature conservation featured in the magazine in the time between 1919 and 1939. The source basis consists of 309 issues of the mentioned periodical (weekly, monthly, biweekly, and then monthly again), the organ of the Polskie Towarzystwo Krajoznawcze [Polish Coutry-lovers Society]. The criteria of chronology and the addressed issue have been applied in the article. It presents the issue of nature conservation, the activity of Liga Ochrony Przyrody [League for Nature Conservation] within the scope of spreading the idea of nature conservation and active pro-ecological attitude of the Polish society, as well as the issueconcerning the Białowieża Forest and the richness and sights of the regional natural environment (to which much attention was paid also in the “Ziemia” magazine).
EN
This article presents the history of establishment, functioning and the role of „Science and Technology” – quarterly of the Association of Polish Engineers in Great Britain – in shaping Polish technical thought in the environment of Polish engineers and technicians living in exile. The analysis of the content of the journal published in London in the years 1958-2008 made it evident that this official scientific organ of Polish technical intelligentsia edited in 500 copies reaches members of engineering, technical and scientific milieu across many continents. Despite the fact that Polish language dominates in the articles and thanks to the interdisciplinary character of their content – science and technology, biology, the humanities, sociology and others – the journal makes it possible for the reader to participate in an intellectual adventure. „Science and Technology” was created in 1958 on the initiative of Eng. Prof. Roman Wajda in Great Britain, with support of other Polish technical associations abroad, and embraced the achievements and organisational life of the Polish technical milieu dispersed around the world. On the basis of the London Society’s archive materials and old annual volumes of the journal, the author listed editors-in-chief, composition of editorial committees, collaborators, determined editing costs, changeable periodicity, successive print shops, seats of editorial office that always followed the Association in Great Britain. She also showed the effort of a handful of members of editorial committees, working on a voluntary basis to obtain materials for the journal; the role of the journal linking Polish engineers and technicians in exile and its function as a link with the Country, as well as its role in the sphere of information and propaganda. Finally, the author made an analysis of the journal’s content, focusing on categories of articles published in „Science and Technology” in the years 1958-2008. Methods used by the author in the article: archival, analysis of the press content: qualitative and quantitative.
3
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EN
In 1922 appeared the first, proof copy of a magazine which two years later was titled “Modern Medicine. Studies on the history of medicine”. The idea to create a new periodical was born among the historians of science, who focused their scientific interest on the topics of medicine’s past. The major purpose was to make a thorough revision of methodological views that usually did not go beyond the positivist or Marxist model. They aspired to some kind of “opening up” to the content present in philosophy and the history of science, including in particular epistemological theories of Ludwik Fleck, Thomas Kuhn or Michael Foucault. Consistent references were made to the experiences and findings of cultural anthropology, psychology, sociology and history of arts, highlighting the problems which in national medical historiography had been previously rarely, if ever, present. “Classical” form and content of works published in the magazine was not excluded, though, since the purpose of the editorial staff was not so much to fight against the traditional model of the history of medicine as its enrichment and gradual transformation in the spirit of contemporary needs. The aim of this article is to present as completely as possible – both the content of “Modern Medicine” and the achievements of people contributing to the magazine for the past twenty years of its existence. It is also an attempt to evaluate to what extent the guidelines set two decades ago have been realized in practice.
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