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Second World War and the Origins of Macro-Environmental Analysis for Change in Light of the Archives of the “Estezet” Polish Military Intelligence Station

Smyrgała Dominik

Kwartalnik Bellona

2021

Nr 4

27--38

The article presents the origins of structured intelligence analysis in the Polish military intelligence service during the Second World War. It analyzes two conceptual papers on assessing the U.S. and Soviet realities found in the archives of the “Estezet” Independent Intelligence Station. It concludes that the Second Department of the Polish General Staff was a pioneer of macro-environmental analysis for change.

W artykule przedstawiono początki ustrukturyzowanych metod analitycznych w działalności Oddziału II podczas drugiej wojny światowej. Przenalizowano dwa dokumenty koncepcyjne dotyczące oceny rzeczywistości amerykańskiej i sowieckiej, przechowywane w archiwum Samodzielnej Placówki Wywiadowczej „Estezet”. Badania pozwalają na stwierdzenie, że Oddział II Sztabu Naczelnego Wodza był pionierem analizy makrootoczenia.

Intelligence cooperation between the second Republic of Poland and the Republic of Turkey. Part 1 – the 1920s.

Szymanowicz A., Yurdatapan A.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

2017

Nr 1

124--145

In the period between the two World Wars, Turkey played quite an important role in the security system of the Second Republic of Poland, especially after the May Coup in 1926. Poland promoted the establishment of the Central European Bloc, which in some variants would also include Turkey. Furthermore, the state played an important role in the Polish Promethean politics because it had borders with the Caucasus, and in addition there was a wave of Caucasian emigration. As early as in the 1920s Poland initiated intelligence cooperation with Turkey against the USSR, as a result of which Polish intelligence missions operated in the Turkish territory and Turkish intelligence officers underwent specialized training in Poland. The closer the ties between Turkey and the Western countries before the outbreak of World War II, the more this cooperation intensified.