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Przebieg dobowy temperatury powietrza w dnach wybranych cyrków glacjalnych Uralu Polarnego

Wałach P.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

2008

nr 18

171-180

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów meteorologicznych prowadzonych w sierpniu 2007 roku na Uralu Polarnym. Głównym celem badań było określenie zróżnicowania temperatury powietrza w zależ-ności od zaobserwowanych typów pogody. Przeanalizowano przebieg dobowy temperatury powietrza na wyso-kości 150 cm n.p.g. w dnach dwóch cyrków glacjalnych (zlodowaconym i niezlodowaconym), położonych na zbliżonej wysokości n.p.m. Stwierdzono, że największe wahania temperatury w cyrku zlodowaconym (Lodowiec Obruczewa) wystąpiły podczas dni z umiarkowanym zachmurzeniem i intensywnym napływem ciepłych mas powietrza z południo-zachodu. Z kolei w cyrku niezlodowaconym największe wahania temperatury pojawiły się podczas dni pogodnych..

The main aim of the following paper is to compare the course of daily air temperature in two different Polar Urals glacier cirques. One of them represents non-glaciated environment with buried ice under moraine and the second one, has still sufficient conditions to maintain the ice glacier (fig. 2). The analyses were based on fieldwork carried out in the central part of Polar Ural from 1 to 20 August 2007. The Hobo Pro Series micro data loggers were employed for this purpose. The measu-rements were set up in the standard time (UTC+5) and with 5 minute interval. The measurements of temperature were carried out on 150 cm a.g.l. On the basis of such measurements the course of daily air temperature was estimated for: clear (cloudiness <20%, 8 days), overcast (>80%, 6 days) and average cloudy (20-80%, 6 days) days. Furthermore, the synoptic maps of Polar Urals were employed in the following analysis. During whole period the anticyclonic situations with the center of high-pressure or high-pressure wedge were more frequent than cyclonic situation. In addition, the air mass flow from north and north-west were in the superiority. During entire season the average air temperature in non-glaciated cirque were higher than the value registered in the glacier cirque (fig. 4). It was concluded that averaged for clear (cloudiness <20%, 8 days), overcast (>80%, 6 days) and cloudy (20-80%, 6 days) days, course of daily air temperature was characterized by the highest amplitude during clear days. It was 5.2°C for Obruchev glacier and 6.1°C for non-glaciated cirque. The lowest values of air temperature during the days mentioned above were between six and seven o’clock (UTC+5) and figure out respectively: 3.9°C in the cirque glacier and 7.2°C in non-glaciated cirque (fig. 5). Subsequently, it was concluded that during the overcast days the course of daily air temperature was weakly expressed. The differences between measurement points figure out maximum 1.9°C. Furthermore, during the average cloudy days the air temperature was higher of about 3.3°C in the non-glaciated cirque than in Obruchev glacier. The biggest differences between the cirques under consideration appeared between 18-19 o’clock and figure out maximum 5.0°C (fig. 6).