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Współczesne tendencje w kształtowaniu bilansu masy lodowców polarnych i subpolarnych

Pereyma J.

Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej

1999

nr 9

81--88

The fundamental characteristic is based upon the results of the studies on mass balance of Arctic and Subpolar Glaciers from 1965 to 1995. The analisys of data shows that both Higharctic glaciers - Devon Ice Cap (Canada) and Austre Broegger (Spitsbergen) have negative mass balance during the whole period of research, ranging from minus 2000 mm w.e. (Devon) to nearly minus 9000 mm w.e. (A. Broegger). The dependence on climatic influence of the oceans is the main feature of the Subarctic Glaciers. Wolverine Glacier (the coast of Alaska) shows the positive mass balance during the best part of the studied period. However, in the last six years the mass balance has the negative value. Taking into account the global values of the mass balance in many years research; it can be said that these values are the same as 30 years ago. Gulkana Glacier (Alaska) which has a continental location has had moderately negative values of mass balance for 30 years. Similarly has Scandinavian Stor Glacier (Sweden), although for a few last years it has had positive values of the mass balance. Only one coastal Enga Glacier (Norway) has had positive mass balance. Its increases in mass is very significant, reaching 22 000 mm w.e. in 25-years period 1970-1995.