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Opis pojemności zbiornika intercepcyjnego sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus silvestris) - SO

Osuch B., Homa A., Feliks M.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Środowisko

2005

R. 102, z. 10-Ś

87--101

The paper concerns the method of determining reservoir capacity of pine trees (Pinus silvestris) commonly occurring in Poland and Europe. Based on cumbersome and many-year measurements, experimental and field studies on plots in the Trzebuńka stream experimental catchment of the Hydrology Section of the Institute of Water Engineering and Water Management of Cracow University of Technology, a physical model is presented of the interception reservoir of an individual tree. The tree green (needle) surface and surface of stem and branches is the basis of the reservoir. Its height is determined by the depth of water layer that can be retained on the surface. However, if it can be accepted that the whole green surface retains rain water of the same average depth, then the depth of this layer on the bark surface depends on the stem or branch diameter. The older the stem or branch are the greater is the possibility of intercepting water because ofincreased roughness and fracturing of the intercepting surface. The magnitude of the green and bark surface of an arbitrary tree, as well as the depth of water intercepted by these surfaces, can be made using the relation with physical characteristics of the tree that are relatively easy to be measured: tree height, breast height diameter or both. If the green and total pine surface areas are to be calculated, the pine crown height may be added. It can be then calculated the green surface area of a tree taking into account the total surface area, not only the surface of the leaf projection onto the plane surface, FL1, (so FL2), stem surface, FB, and the bark total surface, FkC, as well as the depth of water stored on the bark surface Rk, versus the stem and branch diameter d. Water storage on the green surface was divided into wetting storage which will leave the surface by evaporation, and free water storage that gravity can force to flow down.All calculation formulas have high indices of correlation significance and enable the interception calculation to be carried out of a pine canopy consisting of trees of any age and density.