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Effects of silicate fertilizer on seed yield in timothy-grass (Phleum pratense L.)

Radkowski A., Radkowska I.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

2018

Vol. 25, nr 1

169--180

A field experiment was conducted in the years 2012-2014, at the Plant Breeding Station in Polanowice near Krakow (220 m a.s.l.). The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of silicon (Si) on seed yield and quality of timothy-grass (Phleum pratense L.) of “Egida” cultivar. A univariate field experiment in randomized block design was repeated four times, and the area of the experimental plots was 10 m2. The soil on the experimental plots was a loess derived haplic phaeozem of bonitation class I. The experimental factor was spraying with a silicon formulation in the form of Optysil® fertilizer at three doses: 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 dm3·ha-1. During the growing season, the plants were evaluated for their height, leaf greenness index (SPAD) and general condition. After harvesting, the seed yield and quality were assessed. The study revealed a significant effect of silicon on plant height, general condition and yield and quality of the seeds. The plants treated with silicon showed lower infestation rate with pathogens and pests than the control ones. Foliar fertilization with the highest dose of the silicon formulation (0.8 dm3·ha-1) caused a significant increase in seed yield as compared with control. The effects were also satisfactory in the plants treated with the formulation at 0.5 dm3·ha-1. The seeds obtained from silicon-treated plants were bigger, as revealed by the weight of 1000 seeds, and exhibited higher germination ability than the control seeds.

Effect of Puccinia graminis ssp. Pers. infection on the macroelements' content in selected grass species

Grzybieniec B., Radkowski A.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

2006

Vol. 13, nr 1-2

61-65

The investigations were conducted in the years 2002-2004 in the Floriculture Station in Skrzeszowice near Krakow (altitude of 220 m). In the experimental object designed by the split-splot method in four replicants, four grass species were taken juto account i.e.: Festuca pratensis cultivar Skawa, Festuca rubra cultivar Brudzyńska, Phleum pratense cultivar Skald and Poa pratensis cultivar Eska 46. Among all examined species, uninfected and infected with stalk rust (Puccinia graminis) plants were selected. The level of infection determined in a 9-degree scale amounted to 5°, 4°,6° and 2°, respectively. The aim of this work was to determine the infection influence on the macroelements' con-tent in selected grass species. Uninfected plants were characterised with the highest total protein content: from 8 % for Phleum pratense to 27 % for Poa pratensis, phosphorus: from 13 % (Phleum pratense) to 36 % (Festuca pratensis, Poa pratensis) and potasium: from 9 % (Festuca rubra) to 70 % (Poa pratensis) than infected plants. On the other hand, infected species were richer in calcium, magnesium and sodium by 34-48 %, 11-20 % and 19-148 %, respectively.

Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2002-2004 na terenie Stacji Hodowli Roślin w Skrzeszowicach pod Krakowem (220 m n.p.m.). W doświadczeniu za-łożonym metodą losowanych bloków w czterech powtórzeniach, uwzględniono cztery gatunki traw Festuca pratensis odmiana Skawa, Festuca rubra odmiana Brudzyńska, Phleum pratense odmiana Skald oraz Poa pratensis odmiana Eska 46. Spośród badanych gatunków wydzielono rośliny zdrowe i porażone przez rdzę źdźbłową (Puccinia graminis), przy czym stopień porażenia w skali 9 stopniowej wynosił odpowiednio 5°, 4°, 6° i 2°. Niniejsza praca miała na celu określenie wpływu porażenia na zawartość makroelementów u wybranych gatunków traw. Rośliny zdrowe charakteryzowały się większą zawartością azotu ogólnego od 8 % u Phleum pratense do 27 % u Poa pratensis, fosforu od 13 % (Phleum pratense) do 36 % (Festuca pratensis. Poa pratensis) i potasu od 9 % (Festuca rubra) do 70 % (Poa pratensis) niż rośliny porażone. Gatunki zainfekowane były bardziej zasobne w wapń o 34-85 %, magnez o 11-20 % oraz w sód o 19-148 %.