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Comparison of Sensitivity of Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Microorganisms to the Pollution of Natural Water with Rare Earth Elements (Lanthanum and Cerium)

Lozhkina Roza A., Olkova Anna S., Koval Ekaterina V., Tomilina Irina I., Sysolyatina Maria A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 4

58--63

The purpose of the work was to compare the sensitivity of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms used in bioassay to lanthanum and cerium under the conditions of a model experiment with aqueous media. Using bioassay methods, the pre-lethal effects of La and Ce in heterotrophic Paramecium caudatum and Escherichia coli, as well as autotrophic Chlorella vulgaris and Nostoc linckia were determined. Model solutions of La2 (SO4)3∙8H2O and Ce2 (SO4)3∙8H2O were tested in the concentration range of 0.1–200 mg/l. As a result, it was shown that heterotrophic organisms are more sensitive to water pollution with La and Ce than autotrophic ones. According to the totality of experiments, cerium turned out to be more toxic than lanthanum. When planning the environmental studies of wastewater or reservoirs polluted with REE, it is recommended to focus on comparative sensitivity of bioassay methods, taking into account the test-functions used: bioassay for chemotaxis of P. caudatum > bioassay for changes in bioluminescence of E. coli (strain M-17) > bioassay for the content of chlorophyll а and intensity of lipid peroxidation in N. linckia > bioassay on the increase in the number of Cl. vulgaris.

"Battery of Bioassays" for Diagnostics of Toxicity of Natural Water when Pollution with Aluminum Compounds

Olkova Anna, Berezin Grigory

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 2

195--199

The article presents the results of an experimental comparison of the sensitivity of biotests using Daphnia magna Straus, Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg, Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg, and Escherichia coli Migula (strain M-17) to water pollution with aluminum compounds. The research was carried out under simulated conditions: the model toxicant was aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3∙18H2O, the concentration range per Al was 0.04–2.8 mg/dm3, and the pH of the tested waters was close to the neutral level of 7.2–7.8. The bioluminescence of E. coli significantly decreased at an Al concentration of 0.8 mg/dm3 (toxicity index was 93.3±1.2, which refers to a high level of toxicity). The reaction of P. caudatum was weaker: a high level of toxicity was achieved at an Al concentration of 2.8 mg/dm3. These doses did not cause the death of D. magna and C. affinis in short-term experiments (28 and 96 hours, respectively). However, in the tests for the chronic toxicity of aluminum, we showed that the doses of 0.8 and 2 mg/dm3 Al cause high death of individuals (more than 50%) and a significant decrease in the number of offspring. The range of sensitivity of the bioassay methods to water pollution with aluminum turned out to be as follows: bioassay for the bioluminescence of E. coli > bioassay for the changes in chemotaxis of P. caudatum > bioassay for the changes in fertility of D. magna > bioassay for the changes in fertility of C affinis.