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The application of PAC/UF hybrid processes for the removal of organic substances from natural waters

Mozia S., Tomaszewska M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2004

Vol. 6, nr 3

29-32

A polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was tested in order to examine its applicability for water purification in the adsorption - ultrafiltration (PAC/UF) system. The influence of the presence of humic acids (HA) in a feed on the membrane fouling was examined. Moreover, the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition to the feed on the UF process, especially on the flux decline and the possibilities of membrane cleaning during backwashing as well as the effectiveness of the removal of organic contaminants was investigated. Natural water from Miedwie Lake with the addition of humic acids was applied as a feed. Commercial powdered activated carbon CWZ 30 (Gryfskand Sp. z o. o., Hajnowka, Poland) was used as the adsorbent. PAC dosage was equal to 100 mg PAC 1(-1). The process was carried out in the cross - flow system. It was found that the combination of the UF and the adsorption on PAC was more effective in organics removal than UF alone. The effectiveness of organics removal during the UF was lower at pH 6.5 than at pH 8.7. The treatment effects obtained in the PAC/UF hybrid processes were similar at both pH values. Moreover, no significant effect of PAC addition to the feed on the permeate flux was observed.

Water treatment using hybrid processes PAC/UF

Mozia S., Tomaszewska M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2003

Vol. 5, nr 4

37-39

The laboratory - scale ultrafiltration (UF) experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the presence of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on the UF process performance, in terms of flux decline and the possibilities of membranes cleaning during backwashing as well as effectiveness of the removal of organic contaminants. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes formed by the phase inversion technique were used in the UF experiments. Natural water from the Miedwie Lake was applied. Commercial powdered activated carbon CWZ 30 (Gryfskand Sp. z o.o., Hajnowka, Poland) was used as the adsorbent. PAC dosage was equal to 100 mg PAC 1'. The process was carried out in the cross - flow system. It was found that combination of UF and adsorption on PAC was more effective in organics removal than UF alone. During UF more than 57% of colour, 44% of UV254 absorbance and 42% of TOC were removed, whereas in PAC/UF hybrid processes colour removal was about 94%, UV254 absorbance - 64% and TOC - 55%. Moreover, no significant effect of PAC addition to the feed on the permeate flux was observed.