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Badania struktury skorupy ziemskiej na obszarze Europy Centralnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Transeuropejskiej Strefy Szwu, metodami głębokich profilowań sejsmicznych

Guterch A.

Wiadomości Naftowe i Gazownicze

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2012

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R. 15, Nr 9 (173)

4--9

EN

The complex tectonic history of Central Europe (Fig. 1a) reflects the break-up of a Neoproterozoic supercontinet(s) (Rodinia/Pannotia) to form the fragment Baltica and the subsequent growth of continental Europe beginning with the Caledonian orogeny. Caledonian and younger Variscan orogenesis involved accretion of Laurentian and Gondwanan terranes to the riftet margin of Baltica. (East European craton, EEC) during the Paleozoic. From Central Poland northward, the region also experienced volcanic activity during the Permian and tectonic inversion during the Alpine orogeny, which in the south continues today. The Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) is a term used to refer to the suite of sutures and terranes that formed adjacent to the rifted margin of Baltica, and these features extend from the British Isles to the Black Sea region (Fig. 1a and 2). Understanding the structure and evolution of the TESZ region is one of the key tectonic challenges in Europe north of the Alps. The TESZ is far more complex than a single suture but in a broad sense is the boundary between the accreted terranes and Baltica. The TESZ includes the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone (TTZ), which has several definitions. Here, we will use the term TTZ to refer to a structural zone associated with the southwestern edge of the EEC. Beginning in 1997, Central Europe, between the Baltic and Adriatic Seas, has been covered by an unprecedented network of seismic refraction experiments (Fig. 1b). These experiments - POLONAISE’97, CELEBRATION 2000, ALP 2002, and SUDETES 2003 - have only be possible due to a massive international cooperative effort. International Consortium consisted of 35 institutions from 16 countries in Europe and North America - Austria, Belarus, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey and the United States. The majority of the recording instruments was provided by the IRIS/ PASCAL Instrument Center and the University of Texas at El Paso (USA), the Geological Survey of Canada and other countries. For example, in the CELEBRATION experiment, the total number was 1230 stations ands 147 shot points located along seismic lines of a total length of about 9000 km. A large number of seismic sources and stations in all experiments means that besides 2 - D approach along profiles (Fig. 3 and 4), also 3 - D approach (Fig. 5 and 6) could be implemented in data interpretation. Total length of seismic profiles in all experiments is about 20 000 km (Fig. 1b).

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Lithospheric structure of the TESZ in Poland based on modern seismic experiments

Guterch A., Grad M.

Geological Quarterly

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2006

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Vol. 50, No. 1

23-32

EN

This paper presents the results of seismic investigations on the structure of the lithosphere in the area of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) in Poland that is located between the southwestern margin of the East European Craton (EEC) to the north-east, the West and Central European Palaeozoic Platform (PP) to the south-west and the Carpathians to the south. Based on results of the modern POLONAISE’97 and CELEBRATION 2000 projects, as well as older profiles, models are presented for the configuration and extent of different crustal types. In the investigated area, the EEC has a relatively uniform crustal thickness of 40 to 50 km with its three-layered crystalline crust displaying P-wave velocities of 6.1–6.4, 6.5–6.8 and 6.9–7.2 km/s in the upper, middle and lower parts, respectively. The Variscan consolidated crust is covered by 1–2 km thick sediments and consists of two layers with velocities of 5.6–6.3 and 6.5–6.65 km/s. In the Carpathians, sediments reaching to depths of some 20 km and are characterized by velocities of <5.6–5.8 km/s, whilst the underlying two-layered crystalline crust displays velocities of 6.0–6.2 and 6.5–6.9 km/s. The crust of the TESZ can be divided into the Małopolska, Kuiavia and Pomerania blocks that are overlain by up to 9–12 km thick sediments having velocities <5.4 km/s. In the area of the TESZ, the upper part of the consolidated crust has to depths of 15–20 kmrelatively low velocities of <6.0 km/s and is commonly regarded as consisting of deformed and slightlymetamorphosed Early Palaeozoic sedimentary and volcanic series. In this area the middle and lower crust are characterized by velocities in the range of 6.3–6.6 km/s and 6.8–7.2 km/s, respectively, that are comparable to the EEC. Based on the dense network of seismic profiles the map of the depth toMoho is given for the area of Poland. Uppermost mantle reflectors occur about 10 to 15 km below the Moho whereas the deepest reflectors are recorded at depths of 90 km. Future investigations ought to aim at an integrated geological-geophysical program, including deep near-verical reflection-seismic profiling and ultimately the drilling of deep calibration boreholes.

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Huge contrasts of the lithospheric structure revealed by new generation seismic experiments in Central Europe

Guterch A., Grad M., Keller R. G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 8/2

753-760

EN

Beginning in 1997, Central Europe, between the Baltic and Adriatic Seas, has been covered by an unprecedented network of seismic refraction experiments (Fig.1A). These experiments — POLONAISE’97, CELEBRATION 2000, ALP 2002, and SUDETES 2003—have only been possible due to a massive international cooperative effort. International Consortium consisted of more than 30 institutions from 16 countries in Europe and North America—Austria, Belarus, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey, and the United States. The majority of the recording instruments was provided by the IRIS /PASCAL Instrument Center and the University of Texas at El Paso (USA), the Geological Survey of Canada, and other countries. For example, in the CELEBRATION experiment, the total number was 1230 stations and 147 shot points located along seismic lines of a total length of about 9000 km. A large number of seismic sources and stations in all experiments means that besides 2-D approach along profiles, also 3-D approach could be implemented in data interpretation. Total length of seismic profiles in all experiments is about 20,000 km.

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Nowa generacja programów badań głębokich struktur litosfery: eksperymenty sejsmiczne POLONAISE'97 i CELEBRATION 2000 w Europie Środkowej

Guterch A., Grad M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2000

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Vol. 48, nr 12

1085-1095

PL

Duży sejsmiczny eksperyment POLONAISE '97 został zrealizowany w maju 1997 r. na obszarze Polski w strefie transeuropejskiego szwu i złożonych struktur związanych z basenem polskim. W badaniach wzięły udział zespoły geofizyczne z Polski, Danii, USA, Litwy, Niemiec, Finlandii, Szwecji i Kanady. Badania przeprowadzono na dużą skalę wzdłuż profili sejsmicznych o łącznej długości około 2000 km, z udziałem 613 stacji sejsmicznych, które wykonały rejestrację fal sejsmicznych wzbudzonych w 64 punktach strzałowych. Jednym z ważniejszych rezultatów badań było stwierdzenie wybitnej asymetrii między maksymalną miąższością pokrywy osadowej w rowie polskim (16-20 km) i skorupowym korzeniem (o50 km) związanym z TESZ/TTZ. Inny wielki eksperyment sejsmiczny nazwany CELEBRA TION 2000 był wykonany w Europie Środkowej w czerwcu 2000 r., na obszarze południowej i wschodniej Polski, Słowacji, Węgier, Austrii, Czech, SE Niemiec oraz częściowo na Białorusi i w Rosji. Sejsmiczny eksperyment CELEBRATION 2000 został zlokalizowany na obszarze południowo-wschodniego obrzeżenia Baltiki (wschodnioeuropejski kraton), południowej części TESZ, struktur inwersyjnych TESZ, orogenu karpackiego, basenu panońskiego i masywu czeskiego. Prace zostały sfinansowane przez międzynarodowe konsorcjum 28 instytucji z 13 krajów z Europy i Ameryki Północnej. Z 1200 aparatur sejsmicznych, które zostały użyte do rejestracji, zdecydowaną większość dostarczyły Centrum Aparaturowe IRIS/PASCAL w Waszyngtonie i Uniwersytet Teksański w El Paso w USA. Pozostałe aparatury sejsmiczne dostarczyły Kanadyjska Służba Geologiczna, uniwersytet w Kopenhadze w Danii, Instytut Badań Ziemi w Gebze w Turcji i inne organizacje z pozostałych krajów. Całkowita długość profili sejsmicznych wynosi około 9000 km. Wzdłuż profili sejsmicznych zlokalizowano 147punktów strzałowych.

EN

A large seismic experiment, the POLONAISE '97 project, was conducted in Poland during May 1997 and targeted the deep structure of the Trans European Suture Zone (TESZ) and the complex series of upper crustal features associated with the Polish Basin. It included contributions from the geophysical communities in Poland, Denmark, the USA, Lithuania, Germany, Finland, Sweden and Canada. This large lithospheric seismic experiment deployed 613 instruments to record 64 shots along five profiles with a total length of about 2000 km. One of the most important result is a very distinct asymmetry between the maximum thickness of the sedimentary cover in the Polish Trough (16-20 km) and the crustal root (a50 km) associated with TESZ/TTZ. Another large scale experiment named CELEBRATION 2000 was carried out in Central Europe during June 2000 in the territory of Southern and Eastern Poland, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Austria, the Czech Republic, SE Germany, and partly in Belarus and Russia. The CELEBRATION 2000 seismic experiment is located in the area of the southern portion of the TESZ region, the margin ofBaltica (East European Craton), inversion structures along the TESZ, the Carpathian orogenic belt, the Panonian Basin and the Bohemian Massif. Funding for the CELEBRATION 2000 experiment was made by the International Consortium consisted of 28 institutions from 13 countries in Europe and North America. The majority of the recording instruments was provided by IRIS/PASCAL Instrument Center and the University of Texas atEl Paso in the USA, the Geological Survey of Canada, the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, the Earth Research Institute in Gebze (Turkey) and others. The total number was 1200 stations and 147 shot points located along seismic lines of a total length of about 9000 km.

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Sejsmiczne badania refrakcyjne i szerokokątowe refleksyjne w basenie polskim. Projekt POLONAISE '97

Guterch A., Grad M., Śliwiński Z.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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1999

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Z. 1-2

3-13

EN

The Permian-Mesozoic Basin in Poland forms the most eastern part of the Permian-Mesozoic Central European Basins, bordered from the east by the East European Craton (EEC) and from the southwest by the Bohemian Massif. The axis of the Basin, called the Mid-Polish Trough (MPT), parallels the edge of the EEC, along the boundary between the Phanerozoic and Proterozoic European crustal domains. The Polish Trough coincide approximately with the Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone (TTZ). The Polish segment of TTZ is a part of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ), a first order geotectonic unit, stretching from Black Sea to the British Islands. A large seismic experiment, just completed in Poland, targeted the deep structure of the TESZ and the complex series of upper crustal features associated with it. This international cooperative effort, is known as POLONAISE'97 Project. The final experiment is perhaps the largest entirely land-based lithospheric seismic experiment, ever undertaken, with over 600 instruments being deployed to record 63 shot points along 5 profiles with a total length of more than 2000 km. Moreover, 5 multichannel seismic reflection stations (120 channels) recorded all shots.