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Surface Modification of the Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta Bio Alloy by the PM-EDM Route

Hayyawi Ahmed Rabeea, Al-Ethari Haydar, Haleem Ali Hubi

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2024

Vol. 18, no 3

140--150

One of the most attractive β-Ti alloys is Ti–35Nb–7Zr–5Ta wt% (TNZT) alloy, which has one of the minimal Young’s moduli among the β-Ti family (about 55 GPa) and contains no cytotoxic elements. On the other hand, β-type Ti alloys are susceptible to bacterial infection because they lack an antibacterial function and can get contaminated quickly after implantation, making surface modification a keyway to improve these alloys' antibacterial properties. A recently created technique called powder mixed-EDM can improve machining, mechanical, and biological properties at the same time. In this research, silver was added to the dielectric fluid during PM-EDM of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta wt% alloy prepared by powder metallurgy route. The surface composition, Brinell hardness, corrosion resistance, ion release, and antibacterial properties were evaluated for TNZT alloy before and after surface modification. The results show better hardness and corrosion resistance as well as lower ion release for the PM-EDMed specimen due to the presence of Ag, oxides, and carbides such as NbC, TiC, TiO2, ZrO2, and Nb2O5 that’s deposited and embedded as a hard phase in the recast layer of the machined surface. Also, the antibacterial property of the PM-EDMed specimen is effectively improved as silver is an antibiotic with a wide range, so it has favorable antibacterial properties for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Computer-aided analysis of surface roughness model for PM-EDM.

Dąbrowski L., Yu J.

Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology

2006

Vol. 30, nr 1

111-118

Powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PM-EDM) is a new manufacturing technology developed in recently years. The factors, which influence the surface roughness generated in EDM process with powders suspended dielectric fluid, are pulse on time, discharge current and powder concentration, etc. Based on the machining mechanism, the mathematical model to represent machined surface roughness is developed by response surface methodology (RSM). The effect of these factors on the surface roughness has been experimentally investigated and analyzed through the developed model using computer-aided program.

Proszek zarówno przewodzący prąd, jak i nieprzewodzący prądu, dodany do dielektryka, powoduje, że otrzymuje się nową, lepszą jakość powierzchni po obróbce elektroerozyjnej. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wraz z ich komputerową analizą i opisem przebiegu eksperymentów, zastosowanych parametrów i warunków obróbki. Opracowano model przebiegu badań oparty na planowanym eksperymencie.