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Influence of H2O2 and O3 on PGM Extraction from Used Car Catalysts

Fornalczyk A., Willner J., Gajda B., Sedlakova-Kadukova J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

2018

Vol. 63, iss. 2

963--968

Catalytic converters contain the catalytic substance in their structure, which is a mixture of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs). The prices of these metals and a growing demand for them in the market, make it necessary to recycle spent catalytic converters and recovery of PGMs. In the study, the effect of ozone and hydrogen peroxide application on the possibility of extracting PGM from used car catalysts was investigated. The catalytic carrier was milled, sieved and then the fractions with the desired grain size were treated with the appropriate HCl mixture and 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 30% H2O2, respectively, and the tests were also carried out at temperature 333 K. Ozone tests were conducted with the O3 flow in the range of 1,3,5 g/h. Samples for analysis were collected after 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h and after 4 h, respectively. The residue after the experiments and filtration process was also analysed. The obtained results confirmed the assumption that PGMs can be extracted using hydrochloric acid with the addition of H2O2 or ozone as oxidants. It allows to significantly intensify the carried out reactions and to improve the rate of PGMs transfer to the solution.

Analysis of using magneto-hydro-dynamic pump for the platinum recovery from spent auto catalytic converters

Fornalczyk A., Przyłucki R., Saternus M., Golak S.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

2012

Vol. 58, nr 2

199--204

Purpose: Applying the catalytic converters allow to eliminate the compounds harmful to the environment. Typical catalytic converter is built from the metallic or ceramic carrier with porous structure covered with the PGM metals especially platinum, palladium and rhodium. The content of these metals is on average about 2 grams. Catalytic converters have limited life time, and then they are scrapped. The necessity of waste disposal and very high prices of PGM metals are the reason why recovery of PGM metals from used auto catalytic converters has become more and more profitable. Design/methodology/approach: This work presents method of PGM metals recovery from auto catalytic converters by means of solving them in the liquid metal. Liquid metal is put in motion using magneto-hydro-dynamic pump, and then the PGM metals are eluted from channels of the used auto catalytic converters. Findings: All over the world the used auto catalytic converters are preceded by the use of pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical or mixed methods. Each method has some disadvantages. Pyrometallurgical methods need to use units which assure the necessary temperature. This is as expensive as energy consuming. Applying hydrometallurgical methods involve danger of creating many waste solutions which are harmful to the natural environment. Practical implications: The way PGM metals are recovered from used auto catalytic converters by their dissolution in the liquid rotating metal allows to increase concentration of PGM metals in the solution by means of applying the same metal collector to flush other catalytic collectors. Motion of the metal essentially shorten the time of PGM metals elution from catalytic converters; whereas the flow of liquid metal in closed cycle limits the unfavorable influence of the process on the environment. Originality/value: Method presented in this article is an innovative method and has never been applied. Additionally it is protected by a patent.