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New data on the age of the sedimentary infill of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin : a case study of the Bystry Stream succession (Middle/Upper Miocene, Western Carpathians)

Wysocka A., Łoziński M., Śmigielski M., Czarniecka U., Bojanowski M.

Geological Quarterly

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2018

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Vol. 62, No. 2

327--343

EN

The Neogene sedimentary succession of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin directly overlies the Central Carpathian Paleogene Basin deposits, the Magura Unit, and the Pieniny Klippen Belt. It provides an excellent geological record that postdates the main Mesoalpine structural and geomorphological processes in the Western Carpathians. Sedimentological, petrographical and geochronological investigations have allowed forthe re-examination of pyroclastic material, zircon dating, and a discussion on the relation of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin to the exhumation of the Tatra Massif. The Bystry Stream succession is composed of NNW-inclined freshwater siltstones, sandstones and conglomerates. A few small, sometimes discontinuous, light grey intercalations of pyroclastic deposits and a single 1-2 m thick tuffite layer occur in the upper part of the succession. The tuffite contains an admixture of organic matter and siliciclastic grains (e.g., mica), suggesting that the volcanic ash fall was accompanied by normal deposition from weak currents. Sedimentation of deposits of the Bystry Stream succession took place in terrestrial settings, predominantly on floodplains and in rivers, in the vicinity of a hilly area supplying the basin with eroded material. The age of the tuffite layer from the Bystry Stream succession was determined at 11.87 +0.12/-0.24 Ma. The source of volcanogenic material in the tuffite was probably volcanic activity in the Inner Carpathians-Pannonian region, where effusive and volcanoclastic sillca-rich rocks were being produced by extrusive and explosive activity ~12 Ma. Obtained result connects the development of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin at ~12 Ma with the late stage of the main episode of the Tatra Massif exhumation between ~22-10 Ma.

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Lithofacies and terrestrial sedimentary environments in AMS measurements: case study from Neogene of Oravica River section, Čimhová, Slovakia.

Łoziński M., Ziółkowski P., Wysocka A.

Geological Quarterly

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 2

259--272

EN

The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of sedimentary rocks has been used for interpreting wide range of processes: early rock deformations, palaeotransport directions, as well as the evolution of mineral content. Various sedimentary factors which may determine magnetic susceptibility within lacustrine, river, floodplain and swamp deposits have been examined in the Oravica section of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin. Multiple components of mineral content: illite, chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, quartz and unidentified high susceptibility phase make an AMS interpretation of this content ambiguous. However, this method may be useful for tracing early diagenetic geochemical/microbial processes where iron element is involved. Some sedimentary processes may be recognized from AMS when an assemblage of parameters is studied together: bulk susceptibility, the degree and the shape of anisotropy, principal directions, and the distribution of all these parameters within a set of specimens. Debris-flow processes, as well as lacustrine and floodplain sedimentation are especially well-defined in AMS results. Palaeotransport directions are ambiguous because studied rocks have undergone weak deformation what overprints this sedimentary feature. Most specimens represent an oblate shape of anisotropy and show a good correlation of minimum susceptibility axis and normal to bedding plane.

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Zmniejszenie zasięgu złóż torfu i ich retencji wodnej w Kotlinie Orawsko-Nowotarskiej i w Bieszczadach w wyniku działalności człowieka

Łajczak A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 9

532--540

EN

The paper deals with the problem of anthropogenic changes in the extent of peat deposits, their volume and water retention capacity of raised and valley peat bogs in the Polish part of the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin and the Bieszczady Mts. This problem has not received a great deal of attention in the research literature. Special attention was paid to the remnants of peat domes and post-peat areas. The decrease in the area of peat bogs, the volume of peat deposit and the quantity of water retained within them were estimated for the last ca. 400 years. This paper is based on an analysis of maps produced over the last 230 years as well as aerial photographs. Field data and laboratory data were also analyzed as part of this research.

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Warunki rozwoju i rozmieszczenie torfowisk w Kotlinie Orawsko-Nowotarskiej

Łajczak A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 8

694-694

EN

The Orava-Nowy Targ Basin is the only intramontane basin in the Carpathian Mountains, where numerous low and raised peat bogs developed in the Holocene. The peat bogs were originally comprising about 40% of the basin area. to became confined to 12%, in result of several centuries of exploitation of peat. On the basis of investigations on geomorphological location of the preserved relics of peat bogs, and reconstructions of their original extent, an attempt was made to identify natural environment factors which had the biggest influence on development of peat-forming process within the Orava-Nowy Targ Basin. The most important of these factors were found to be landforms of fluvioglacial and fluvial accumulation and their composition, as well climatic conditions. However, it should be stated that distribution of raised peat bogs appears to be mainly controlled by the mode of circulation of shallow groundwaters and location of their stable outflows. This is an aspect of development of peat bogs that has not been studied up to now.

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Tektonika Kotliny Orawsko-Nowotarskiej : wyniki kompleksowej analizy danych grawimetrycznych i geoelektrycznych

Pomianowski P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2003

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Vol. 51, nr 6

498-506

PL

Analiza danych geologicznych oraz wyników badań elektrooporowych i modelowania grawimetrycznego w rejonie Kotliny Orawsko–Nowotarskiej umożliwiła zidentyfikowanie w podłożu kotliny szeregu uskoków zrzutowych i zrzutowo - przesuwczych, które tworzą plan strukturalny dwóch zapadlisk tektonicznych, wypełnionych osadami neogeńsko-czwartorzędowymi. Uskoki zidentyfikowane w podłożu i obrzeżeniach Kotliny Orawsko–Nowotarskiej należą do dwóch systemów. Pierwszy z nich, to system uskoków podłużnych, równoległych do regionalnych kierunków strukturalnych. We wschodniej części terenu uskoki te mają kierunki W–E, natomiast w części zachodniej stopniowo zmieniają kierunek na SW - zgodnie z wygięciem pienińskiego pasa skałkowego. Drugą grupę stanowią dwa zespoły uskoków o kierunkach NNW–SSE rzadziej NE–SW, które tworzą sprzężony i komplementarny system uskokowy. Uskoki te są skośne do regionalnych kierunków strukturalnych i często kontynuują się w głąb jednostki magurskiej. Stwierdzono, że współczesny zasięg kotliny, wyznaczony w oparciu o kryteria morfologiczne jest większy niż zasięg neogeńskich zapadlisk tektonicznych określony badaniami geofizycznymi. Obecnie w podłożu wyraźnie wyodrębniają się dwa zapadliska tektoniczne. Zapadlisko orawskie, w którym podłoże występuje na głębokości od –500 do –300 m n.p.m. oddzielone jest od zapadliska nowotarskiego elewacją starszego podłoża fliszowego, które na odcinku Rogoźnik–Ludźmierz podniesione jest na wysokość 570 m n.p.m. Plan strukturalny podłoża wskazuje, że powstanie obu depresji musiało nastąpić jeszcze w warunkach regionalnej kompresji. Lewoskrętny ruch przesuwaczy wzdłuż dyslokacji związanych z północną krawędzią pasa skałkowego w powiązaniu z nieregularnym przebiegiem ich powierzchni spowodował powstanie dwóch stref transtensyjnych, które ostatecznie przyczyniły się do powstania orawsko-nowotarskiego basenu sedymentacyjnego.

EN

The analysis of geological data, together with the results of resistivity surveys and gravity modelling within Orava-Nowy Targ Basin region, enabled identification of a number of faults forming structural framework of two depressions filled with Neogene and Quaternary sediments. Two system of faults were distinguished in the basement and at the edges of Orava-Nowy Targ Basin. The first system consists of longitudinal faults which are parallel to the regional structural directions. Direction of these faults is W-E in the eastern part of the basin, whereas in the western part it gradually changes to NE-SW, in concordance with the bending of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. The second system consists of faults of the NNW-SSE direction that are dominant along the northern edge of the basin and faults of the NE-SW striking, which are rarely found in the surveyed area. These faults are oblique to the regional structural directions and often continue into the Magura unit. The analysis of the faults pattern in the basement of the basin shows that its present extent, derived from morphological criteria is larger than the extent of the Neogene tectonic depressions, as defined by geophysical surveys. At present two tectonic depressions in the basement can be distinctly defined. The Orava depression, where the basement is located at the depth of 500-300 m b.s.L, is separated from the Nowy Targ depression by an elevation of the older flysch basement, which reaches the height of 570 m a.s.l. along the Rogoźnik-Ludźmierz line. A structural plan of the basement suggests that both depressions had to form under the conditions of the regional compression. Sinistral movement along releasing double bend has caused a local change in the transpression regime and origin of the initial sedimentary basins. The paper presents the origin and successive development stages of the initial basin, which was formed in the Miocene and developed, at varying speed, at least till the Quaternary.