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The effectiveness of maritime safety policy instruments from the Finnish maritime experts’ point of view – case Gulf of Finland and prevention of an oil accident

Lappalainen J., Storgård J., Tapaninen U.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2013

Vol. 7, no. 3

353--362

Sea accidents are aimed to be prevented with an extensive amount of maritime safety regulation. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a questionnaire study that was targeted at Finnish maritime experts and addressed the question: how to prevent an oil accident in the Gulf of Finland. This study also includes a literature study about the problems of the current maritime safety regime. The findings of the questionnaire study are compared to the findings of the literature study. The questionnaire study showed that many kinds of policies have improved maritime safety, and they are needed to ensure maritime safety. For instance, ship construction, fairway maintenance, nautical charts and rules of the road at sea can be considered the cornerstones of maritime safety. However, the results ranked voluntary activities of companies as the most effective way to improve maritime safety in the future. Self-regulative approaches could solve some problems connected to more traditional policy-making.

The Model of Oil Spills Due to Ships Collisions in Southern Baltic Area

Gucma L., Przywarty M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2008

Vol. 2, no. 4

415--419

The paper presents implementation of probabilistic ships collision model to evaluation of possible oil spills in the Southern Baltic Sea area. The results of the model is time, place and size of the oil spill due to ships collision. The results could be used for oil spill response action plans. The paper will open the discussion about validation of achieved results and will try to answer the question about verification of Baltic Sea oil spills data in comparison to worlds statistics.

The Implementation of Oil Spill Costs Model in the Southern Baltic Sea Area to Assess the Possible Losses Due to Ships Collisions

Gucma L., Goryczko E.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2008

Vol. 2, no. 4

405--407

The paper presents an attempt to assessment of losses due to oil spills caused by ships collisions in the Southern Baltic Sea area. To assess the losses the data from two models were used. First of them is simulation model of ships collision with consideration of oil spills developed and the second is the model of oil spill cleanup cost is applied without consideration of environmental conditions influence.

Human Errors and Oil Pollution from Tankers

Arsenie P., Hanzu-Pazara R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2008

Vol. 2, no. 4

409--413

The economical development of the world is based on transportation system. More than half of the products transported all over the world are carried by sea. Sea transportation is made with different kind of ships, as bulk carriers, cargo vessels, container ships, tankers. Ships are managed by people. In group or as individual, anybody can make errors. In maritime area these errors have as results accidents and disasters. Many of these events affect especially the environment. As 80% of necessary petroleum products are transported by sea, the risk of a major environment disaster caused by human errors is high. Anyway, over 99% of petroleum cargo transported by sea is carried without incidents. This paper presents the effects of human errors, mostly cases that involved tankers, which were produced in the navigation and operational processes.