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RTK positioning under trees

Bakuła M., Pelc-Mieczkowska R., Marchewicz A.

Reports on Geodesy

2009

z. 2/87

19-28

The paper presents the results of positioning by means of the RTK (Real Time Kinematic) method under forest conditions. The experiments were conducted over four consecutive days on hours when the configuration of GPS satellites over the test point was optimal. During the tests a Z-Xtreme receiver by Ashtech was used. On the first and the last day the corrections from the reference station were transmitted to the mobile receiver using the NTRIP application and on the other days the radio modem by SATEL was used for transmission of the corrections. The accuracy of measurement point coordinates in the GPS/RTK is expressed in centimeters; however, achievernent of that accuracy of results under forest conditions is highly difflcult as a consequence of the problem with ambiguity determination by the mobile receiver. Additionally, the mobile receiver is reached by GPS signals disturbed by signal multipath and cycle slip errors. The experiments presented in this paper indicate that despite very difficult measurement conditions it is possible to determine the coordinates of points under forest conditions with the accuracy of a few centimeters.

Initial results of RTK/OTF positioning using the NTRIP data teletransmission technology

Bakuła M., Pelc-Mieczkowska R., Chodnicka B., Rogala M., Tyszko A.

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

2008

nr 11

213-227

The paper presents the initial results of RTK/OTF satellite measurements made using NTRIP Internet data transmission. Two permanent reference stations belonging to the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn were used for test measurements. As a result of measurements taken at three measurement points situated 1,5 to 20 kilometers from the reference stations the accuracies of up to a few centimeters were obtained for points situated in the open terrain. The accuracies obtained at the point with numerous covers in the form of tree branches ranged from several centimeters to almost 3 meters, which is characteristic for GPS measurements taken under conditions of limited availability of satellites.

W artykule przedstawiono wstępne wyniki pomiarów satelitarnych RTK/OTF wykonanych z wykorzystaniem internetowego przesyłania danych NTRIP. Do pomiarów testowych wykorzystano dwie permanentne stacje referencyjne należące do Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego w Olsztynie. W wyniku pomiarów przeprowadzonych na trzech punktach pomiarowych, oddalonych od 1,5 do 20 kilometrów od stacji referencyjnych, uzyskano kilkucentymetrowe dokładności dla punktów zlokalizowanych na otwartym terenie. Dokładności uzyskane na punkcie, nad którym znajdowały się liczne zasłony w postaci gałęzi drzew, wahały się od kilkunastu centymetrów do prawie 3 metrów, co jest charakterystyczne dla pomiarów GPS wykonywanych w warunkach ograniczonej dostępności satelitów.