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The influence of Nordic walking on isokinetic trunk muscle endurance and sagittal spinal curvatures in women after breast cancer treatment

Hanuszkiewicz Justyna Maria, Woźniewski Marek, Malicka Iwona

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2020

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Vol. 22, no. 2

47--54

EN

The aim of this work was to assess the impact of Nordic walking on sagittal spinal curvatures and isokinetic trunk muscle endurance in women after breast cancer treatment. Methods: Thirty-nine breast cancer survivors were divided into two groups: a study group (n = 19) that performed Nordic walking, and a control group (n = 20) that performed a standard general exercise programme. Body posture was assessed using Moiré photogrammetry and trunk muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance at 120°/s was measured isokinetically. Statistical analyses were based on two-way ANOVA with Scheffe post hoc tests and Pearson’s r correlation tests. Results: Women who completed the 8-week Nordic walking intervention showed significant improvements in average power and total work, irrespective of the muscle group investigated. Following training intervention, greater strength-velocity values of the trunk muscles were observed in the study group, compared to the control group. There were no significant changes in postural parameters or correlations for trunk muscle function within spinal curvatures before and after the training interventions. When both groups were combined (Nordic walking + general exercises), functional-postural correlations following the intervention showed a statistically significant tendency toward a reduced inclination of the upper thoracic section, together with increases in all tested functional parameters of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles (r = –0.33 to r = –0.37). Conclusions: Compared to a standard general exercise programme, Nordic walking is more effective for improving isokinetic trunk muscle endurance in women after breast cancer. However, no changes in sagittal spinal curvatures were observed after the 8-week Nordic walking and general exercise interventions.

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Biomechanical parameters in lower limbs during natural walking and Nordic walking at different speeds

Dziuba A. K., Żurek G., Garrard I., Wierzbicka-Damska I.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

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Vol. 17, no. 1

95--101

EN

Purpose: Nordic Walking (NW) is a sport that has a number of benefits as a rehabilitation method. It is performed with specially designed poles and has been often recommended as a physical activity that helps reduce the load to limbs. However, some studies have suggested that these findings might be erroneous. Study aim. The aim of this paper was to compare the kinematic, kinetic and dynamic parameters of lower limbs between Natural Walking (W) and Nordic Walking (NW) at both low and high walking speeds. Methods: The study used a registration system, BTS Smart software and Kistler platform. Eleven subjects walked along a 15-metre path at low (below 2 m⋅s–1) and high (over 2 m⋅s–1) walking speeds. The Davis model was employed for calculations of kinematic, kinetic and dynamic parameters of lower limbs. Results: With constant speed, the support given by Nordic Walking poles does not make the stroke longer and there is no change in pelvic rotation either. The only change observed was much bigger pelvic anteversion in the sagittal plane during fast NW. There were no changes in forces, power and muscle torques in lower limbs. Conclusions: The study found no differences in kinematic, kinetic and dynamic parameters between Natural Walking (W) and Nordic Walking (NW). Higher speeds generate greater ground reaction forces and muscle torques in lower limbs. Gait parameters depend on walking speed rather than on walking style.

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Wpływ Nordic Walking na czynność układu żylnego kończyn dolnych u słuchaczek Uniwersytetu Trzeciego Wieku

Jasiński R., Turek J., Rudzińska E., Dąbrowska G., Skrzek A.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2014

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Vol. 20, nr 1

39--49

PL

W pracy podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytania dotyczące wpływu Nordic Walking na pracę pompy mięśniowej kończyn dolnych oraz czas wypełniania się żył krwią, a także zbadania, czy istnieją istotne różnice w omawianych parametrach u osób trenujących Nordic Walking w porównaniu z nietrenującymi. Badaniem objęto grupę 30 kobiet (średnia wieku 61,6 lat). Grupę badaną stanowiło 15 kobiet z Uniwersytetu Trzeciego Wieku w Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim, trenujących Nordic Walking. 15-osobową grupę kontrolną natomiast stanowiły kobiety pracujące przewlekle w pozycji siedzącej, w administracji, nieuprawiające aktywności ruchowej. W celu dokonania diagnostyki układu żylnego kończyn dolnych przeprowadzono badania fotopletyzmograficzne kończyn dolnych za pomocą aparatu Rheo Dopplex II PPG firmy Huntleigh Diagnostisc (Wielka Brytania). Mierzono parametry przepływu żylnego tj. pracę pompy żylnej – VP (ang. Venous Pump) oraz czas wypełniania się żył krwią – RT (ang. Refilling Time). Do opracowania statystyki wykorzystano program STATISTICA 10, stosując test t-Studenta dla grup niezależnych. Wyniki badań wskazują na istniejące różnice w obrazie dynamiki odpływu krwi z kończyn dolnych u kobiet trenujących i nietrenujących Nordic Walking, przemawiając na korzyść grupy aktywnej fizycznie.

EN

The goal of this research was to assess the influence of physical activity on women representing the University of Third Age. The Nordic Walking as the physical activity was examined, whereas venous blood flow in the lower limbs, was measured. The assess the Nordic Walking impact on both: the muscle pump of lower limbs and the time when veins are filled with blood. The research group consisted of has thirty women, mean age 61.6. Half of them (active group) were representing the University of Third Age (linked to the University of Wroclaw), whereas the other half were women, office workers, not training Nordic Walking. The photoplethysmographic examination of lower limbs, were performed by means of Rheo Dopplex II PPG apparatus (UK). The parameters of venous flow, including the work of VP (Venous Pump) and the venous blood RT (Refilling Time), were measured. The analysis exploited the STATISTICA 10 software. For the independent class, the t-Student test was utilized. It was shown that the dynamics of the blood outflow from the lower limb is different in these two groups, pointing out the benefits of the physically activity in terms of Nordic Walking.