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Zmienność stężenia gazowych zanieczyszczeń powietrza na obszarze pozamiejskim Niziny Szczecińskiej w zależności od warunków meteorologicznych

Kalbarczyk R., Kalbarczyk E.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2007

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Vol. 16, No. 2

73--85

EN

The aim of the studies was to determine relationships between the concentration of nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide in the countryside area and the selected meteorological elements. In the studies the data concerning the immission of gas pollution and meteorological data were taken into account and they were gathered, respectively, at the station monitoring the air quality and the agrometeorological station of Agricultural University of Szczecin, situated in the middle part of Szczecin Lowland (in Lipnik, near Stargard Szczeciński) in 1998-2005. In the countryside area of Szczecin Lowland the time distribution of the NO2 and SO2 concentrations did not show a distinct seasonal structure. During the seasonal heating the amount of the SO2 immission was the same as during the summer. In 1998-2005 the improvement of the air quality in Szczecin Lowland resulted from a decreasing tendency of the SO2 concentration during all the months of the year and a decreasing tendency of the NO2 concentration in August and September. In the set of meteorological elements, the most strongly correlated with concentrations of the two gas pollution factors and of the strongest role were the average speed of wind, the atmospheric pressure and the maximum air temperature.

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Struktura czasowa usłonecznienia rzeczywistego na Nizinie Szczecińskiej w latach 2000-2004

Kalbarczyk R., Kalbarczyk E., Błaszkowska M.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2006

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Vol. 15, No. 1

114--122

EN

The aim o f the studies was to characterize time structure of the real sunshine totals in the Szczecin Lowlands and frequency and variability of number of hours with the sun lasting > 4, > 6 and > 10 h in 2000-2004. The largest daily real sunshine total in the Szczecin Lowlands amounting to 6.6 hours occurs in the first ten days of May, whereas the lowest one, 0.8 h, in the third ten day period of December. During the calendar spring (March-May) a 40% larger number of hours with direct sun radiation is observed as compared to that in autumn (Sept. - Nov.). In March, June and September the real sunshine totals before the noon are larger than those in the afternoon, whereas in December there are no distinct differences between them. An average number of days with real sunshine lasting > 4, > 6 and > 10 h is respectively 141, 97 and 14 and its maximum occurs in May. In spring and summer the frequency of days with the above threshold values is approximate and it amounts on average to about 55, 40 and 10% respectively.

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Floristic diversity and spatial distribution of roadside halophytes along forest and field roads in Szczecin Lowland (West Poland)

Wróbel Mariola, Tomaszewicz Tomasz, Chudecka Justyna

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2006

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Vol. 54, nr 2

303-309

EN

The paper presents research results of roadside halophytes and soil salinity which were carried out along public roads with hardened surface within the forest and agricultural areas in Szczecin Lowland (W. Poland). Using ice-removing chemicals on road surfaces in winter causes growth of road shoulder soil salinity especially in early spring and favour settling roadsides by halophytes. In total 34 species of halophytes were stated from 10 families. Among them Asteraceae and Poaceae families were represented the most numerously by facultative halophytes like Dactylis glomerata L, Poa pratensis L. and Achillea millefolium L. Spatial distribution of roadside halophytes was related to different soil salinity (the range within forest roadsides: 0.035-0.321 g NaCl kg^-1 soil and field ones: 0.140-1.295 g NaCl kg^-1 soil) observed within zonal structure of roadside profile. The road shoulder soil salinity should be admitted to be raised, this however not qualifying them into category of saline soils. The highest salinity was detected in soil samples from the roadside edge adjoining directly the road surface. However most halophilous species were found in the zone of proper road shoulder, both on forest and field roads.

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Identyfikacja okresów suszy atmosferycznej w okolicy Szczecina w latach 1963-2002

Kalbarczyk E., Kalbarczyk R.

Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie

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2005

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T. 5, z. spec.

171-183

PL

Celem pracy było wyznaczenie częstości występowania i stopnia nasilenia okresów suszy w okolicy Szczecina, jak również określenie tendencji zmienności tego zjawiska. Materiał stanowiły średnie miesięczne temperatury powietrza oraz miesięczne sumy opadów atmosferycznych z sezonu wegetacyjnego (od kwietnia do września) z lat 1963-2002, ze stacji IMGW Szczecin. Okresy suszy wyznaczono trzema metodami - na podstawie wartości wskaźnika standaryzowanych opadów SPI, wskaźnika względnego opadu RPI (w %) oraz na podstawie wskaźnika hydrotermicznego Sielianinowa K. Ocena, czy dany rok był suchy, na podstawie porównywanych wskaźników najczęściej była zgodna, natomiast ocena nasilenia zjawiska suszy - różna. Stwierdzono brak zgodności częstości występowania miesięcy suchych między wynikami otrzymanymi na podstawie wskaźników RPI i SPI a otrzymanymi na podstawie wskaźnika K. Stosując wskaźnik hydrotermiczny, największą częstość występowania miesięcy suchych stwierdzono w lipcu, sierpniu i we wrześniu. Na Nizinie Szczecińskiej w latach 1963-2002 niedobór opadów w stosunku do normy najczęściej wystąpił w lipcu. Malejące w latach badań wartości wskaźnika K w maju i sierpniu mogą wskazywać na zwiększające się na Nizinie Szczecińskiej ryzyko wystąpienia okresów suszy w tych dwóch miesiącach.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of occurrence and the intensity of drought periods in the vicinity of Szczecin and to determine variability of this phenomenon. The study was based on monthly average air temperatures and monthly sums of atmospheric precipitation in the vegetative period from April to September recorded at the IMGW (Institute of Meteorology and Water Management) meteorological station in Szczecin in the years 1963-2002. The periods of drought were determined by three methods: according to the values of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Relative Precipitation Index RPI (percentage) and on the basis of Sielianinow's hydrothermal index K. The indices usually showed unanimously whether a given year was dry or not, they only differed as to the intensity of indicated drought. The frequency of dry months determined upon SPI and RPI indices did not agree with those obtained with the K index. In the case of the hydrothermal index, the highest frequency of occurrence of dry months was observed in July, August and September. In Szczecin Lowland in the years 1963-2002 precipitation deficits occurred most frequently in July. Decreasing values of index K in May and August in the study period might indicate an increasing risk of drought occurrence in these two months.