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80 lat Kopalni Węgla Brunatnego Konin. Część II : postęp badań geologicznych

Widera Marek

Przegląd Geologiczny

2025

Vol. 73, nr 1

18--26

Geological research is inextricably linked to the exploration of lignite deposits and their exploitation by the Konin Lignite Mine (KWB Konin/. Drilling data and, above all, observations made in opencast mines have provided a lot of valuable information about the geology of this part of central Poland. Despite the mining of mid-Miocene lignite, ‘Tertiary’ sediments were studied in 1945-1966 and mainly Quaternary sediments in 1967-1995. On the contrary, the last 30 years (1996-2025) have been dominated by research on Neogene sediments in the KWB Konin opencasts, although older and younger sediments have also been examined. In this way, the stratigraphy of the Quaternary was first learned, and then many discoveries of sediments, forms and structures were made within the Neogene succession. As a result, some sites in the vicinity of the town of Konin are considered stratotypes for the Quaternary and Neogene stratigraphy of the Polish Lowlands. Moreover, some of the new geological discoveries in the Neogene beds are unique in Poland, Europe and even in the world. None of these achievements would have been possible without the 80 years of mining activity of the KWB Konin.

Geological peculiarities from the Konin Lignite Mine, central Poland: An overview

Wachocki Robert, Chomiak Lilianna, Klęsk Jakub, Maciaszek Piotr, Urbański Paweł, Widera Marek, Zieliński Tomasz

Geologos

2025

Vol. 31, No. 1

31--43

The 80th anniversary (1945–2025) of the Konin Lignite Mine (KLM) invites some summaries of the mine’s characteristics. Therefore, the current study is devoted to rocks/sediments and tectonic or sedimentary structures that were observed and examined in lignite opencasts in the vicinity of the town of Konin. Some of them can be considered wonders and/ or curiosities of nature, some are unique, and others are quite common. Hence, they were generally defined as geological peculiarities in this article. In stratigraphic order they are sandstones, cleats, crevasse splays, palaeochannels and palaeosols. They represent various lithostratigraphic units (formations and members) of the Neogene of central Poland, while their age ranges from the Early Miocene to the earliest Pliocene. Among the listed objects, quartzite sandstones (situated below and between the lignite beds) and palaeosols in the Poznań Clays are very common, known from other lignite opencasts in Poland. In the case of cleats and crevasse splays occurring within the lignite seam exploited by the KLM, they are among the most numerous and best developed of all lignite-bearing formations in the world. On the other hand, the presence of palaeochannels in fine-grained sediments, constituting the overburden of the exploited lignite seam, provides additional and convincing evidence for the fluvial origin of the Poznań Clays.